{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T20:36:17Z","timestamp":1783629377456,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Project MUSE","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["bhm"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">In histories of smallpox and vaccination, little attention has been paid to their progress in the southern latitudes. In this paper, I focus on the appearance of smallpox around Sydney Cove in 1789 and the introduction of cowpox (vaccine) to New South Wales in 1804. I demonstrate the connections, historical and virological, between the two events and examine the role of variolation in the spread of smallpox and in anticipating vaccination. I argue that imported \"variolous matter,\" perhaps obtained in Cape Town, may have been the source of infection in the catastrophic epidemic among the Aborigines in 1789. I likewise examine the means by which vaccine was brought to Australia in relation to comparable initiatives around the Indian Ocean. I assess the significance of the early history of vaccination in Australia in relation to subsequent developments and as a remarkable demonstration of the global reach of the new prophylactic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1353\/bhm.0.0167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,30]],"date-time":"2009-03-30T18:37:47Z","timestamp":1238438267000},"page":"37-62","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Smallpox and Cowpox under the Southern Cross: The Smallpox Epidemic of 1789 and the Advent of Vaccination in Colonial Australia"],"prefix":"10.1353","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Bennett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"147","container-title":["Bulletin of the History of Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]],"date-time":"2024-01-19T23:23:20Z","timestamp":1705706600000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/muse.jhu.edu\/article\/261665"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1353\/bhm.0.0167","relation":{},"ISSN":["1086-3176"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1086-3176","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]}}}