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With data from the 1996 Aging in Manitoba Study (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>= 1,868; age range 72\u2013104), separate multiple regression models were constructed for rural and urban sub-samples, using the life space index (LSI) to measure social isolation as one outcome, and a loneliness index created by the authors from a combination of items to measure loneliness as a second outcome. Different factors were found to predict the outcomes for the two sub-samples. The models with isolation as the outcome produced five predictors for the rural sub-sample and three for the urban sub-sample. Only living alone was the same for both groups. The models with loneliness as the outcome produced five predictors for the rural sub-sample and two for the urban sub-sample, again with only one factor in common \u2013 four or more chronic illnesses. We conclude that health and social factors are important predictors of social isolation and loneliness, and sensitivity to these factors may improve the experience of older adults.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1353\/cja.2004.0022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,3]],"date-time":"2005-05-03T19:14:34Z","timestamp":1115147674000},"page":"129-140","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":124,"title":["Social Isolation and Loneliness: Differences between Older Rural and Urban Manitobans"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Betty","family":"Havens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Madelyn","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gina","family":"Sylvestre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tyler","family":"Jivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0714980800003214_ref028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/33.1.109"},{"key":"S0714980800003214_ref037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/073346489601500102"},{"key":"S0714980800003214_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/42.5.519"},{"key":"S0714980800003214_ref007","first-page":"37","volume-title":"Growing old: The process of disengagement","author":"Cumming","year":"1961"},{"key":"S0714980800003214_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/583442"},{"key":"S0714980800003214_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.313.7053.352"},{"key":"S0714980800003214_ref053","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00116128"},{"key":"S0714980800003214_ref036","first-page":"453","article-title":"Social determinants of loneliness among older Americans","volume":"122","author":"Mullins","year":"1996","journal-title":"Genetic, Social and General Psychology Monographs"},{"key":"S0714980800003214_ref032","first-page":"432","volume-title":"Handbook of aging and the social sciences","author":"Lowenthal","year":"1976"},{"key":"S0714980800003214_ref030","volume-title":"Activities of daily living in health service","author":"Loomis","year":"1971"},{"key":"S0714980800003214_ref011","first-page":"105","volume-title":"Loneliness: A source book of current theory, research and therapy","author":"de Jong Gierveld","year":"1982"},{"key":"S0714980800003214_ref046","volume-title":"Old people in three industrial societies","author":"Shanas","year":"1968"},{"key":"S0714980800003214_ref045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/0098-9134-19980301-06"},{"key":"S0714980800003214_ref020","volume-title":"Understanding biostatistics","author":"Hassard","year":"1991"},{"key":"S0714980800003214_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.53.1.119"},{"key":"S0714980800003214_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/9.3_Part_1.179"},{"key":"S0714980800003214_ref023","unstructured":"Havens B. , & Thompson E. 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