{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T06:54:24Z","timestamp":1760079264806,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,1]],"date-time":"2007-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1177977600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Outbreaks of chondrodysplasia in calves occur sporadically every 10\u201315 years, particularly following prolonged drought conditions, throughout Northeastern Victoria and the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia. An outbreak spanning 2 calving seasons (2003\u20132004) involving numerous losses through stillbirth, perinatal loss, and poor growth was investigated. Investigations of 4 representative cases are presented here with a definition of the gross and histopathologic defects and an overview of epidemiologic data gathered from affected farms. Calves showed variable disproportionate dwarfism without arthrogryposis. Long bones were shortened and showed axial rotation. Articular surfaces were distorted with misshapen weight-bearing surfaces associated with variable thickness of articular cartilage. Physes were distorted and variable in thickness with occasional foci of complete closure. The major histologic abnormality in the physes was disorderly development of the zones of cartilage hypertrophy, with reduced number and irregular arrangement of hypertrophic chondrocytes; similar less severe changes were present in the zones of cartilage proliferation. Histochemical staining of the cartilage matrix was variable in intensity, and there was evidence of abnormal resorption of cartilage matrix at the level of the primary spongiosa. Osteoid formation and subsequent bone remodelling seemed unaffected, and diaphyseal cortical bone appeared normal at the gross and light microscopic level. No infectious agents were identified, and other known causes for chondrodysplasia in calves were excluded. The most likely cause for the syndrome was considered to be congenital manganese deficiency. Further surveys of tissue and blood manganese levels from cows and calves with and without clinical signs from the region are planned. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.44-3-342","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,9]],"date-time":"2007-05-09T04:48:42Z","timestamp":1178686122000},"page":"342-354","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Chondrodysplastic Calves in Northeast Victoria"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"P. J.","family":"McLaren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gribbles Veterinary Pathology, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (PJM)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. G.","family":"Cave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Industries, Wodonga, Victoria, Australia\r            (JGC)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. M.","family":"Parker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Industries, Leongatha, Victoria, Australia\r            (EMP)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. F.","family":"Slocombe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Melbourne Veterinary Clinical Centre, Werribee, Victoria,\r            Australia (RFS)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-vp.44-3-342","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588602300612"},{"key":"bibr2-vp.44-3-342","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1964.tb01734.x"},{"key":"bibr3-vp.44-3-342","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/1992.7051639x"},{"key":"bibr4-vp.44-3-342","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1974.3861284x"},{"key":"bibr5-vp.44-3-342","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1971.tb02061.x"},{"key":"bibr6-vp.44-3-342","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1293217"},{"key":"bibr7-vp.44-3-342","first-page":"1393","volume":"147","author":"Dyer IA","year":"1965","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"bibr8-vp.44-3-342","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0720(15)30816-1"},{"key":"bibr9-vp.44-3-342","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4141\/cjas79-028"},{"key":"bibr10-vp.44-3-342","first-page":"281","volume":"21","author":"Hidiroglou M","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann Rech Vet"},{"key":"bibr11-vp.44-3-342","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(81)82741-5"},{"key":"bibr12-vp.44-3-342","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1971.321141x"},{"key":"bibr13-vp.44-3-342","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1981.61.2.249"},{"key":"bibr14-vp.44-3-342","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-092468-7.50010-7"},{"key":"bibr15-vp.44-3-342","first-page":"209","volume-title":"Handbook of Histology Methods for Bone and Cartilage","author":"Kang QK","year":"2003"},{"key":"bibr16-vp.44-3-342","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(69)90483-4"},{"key":"bibr17-vp.44-3-342","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1970.315982x"},{"key":"bibr18-vp.44-3-342","first-page":"93","volume":"48","author":"Mee JF","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ir Vet J"},{"key":"bibr19-vp.44-3-342","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-057133-1.50009-6"},{"key":"bibr20-vp.44-3-342","first-page":"221","volume":"34","author":"Ribble CS","year":"1993","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"bibr21-vp.44-3-342","first-page":"331","volume":"30","author":"Ribble CS","year":"1989","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"bibr22-vp.44-3-342","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1965.243664x"},{"key":"bibr23-vp.44-3-342","first-page":"198","volume":"151","author":"Shupe JL","year":"1967","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"bibr24-vp.44-3-342","first-page":"73","volume":"65","author":"Staley GP","year":"1994","journal-title":"J S Afr Vet Assoc"},{"key":"bibr25-vp.44-3-342","first-page":"693","volume":"22","author":"Tyler WS","year":"1961","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"bibr26-vp.44-3-342","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/9780851991283.0000"},{"key":"bibr27-vp.44-3-342","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(16)31855-7"},{"key":"bibr28-vp.44-3-342","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.1990.35645"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1354\/vp.44-3-342","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1354\/vp.44-3-342","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1354\/vp.44-3-342","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T12:52:36Z","timestamp":1741092756000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1354\/vp.44-3-342"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1354\/vp.44-3-342"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1354\/vp.44-3-342","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-9858","1544-2217"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0300-9858"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1544-2217"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]}}}