{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T05:33:57Z","timestamp":1783402437537,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Scrapie is a naturally occurring fatal neurodegenerative disease of sheep and goats. This study documents incubation periods, pathologic findings, and distribution of abnormal prion proteins (PrP<jats:sup>Sc<\/jats:sup>) by immunohistochemistry in tissues of genetically susceptible sheep inoculated with US sheep scrapie agent. Four-month-old Suffolk lambs (QQ at codon 171) were inoculated by 1 of 3 different routes (nasal, peritoneal, and conjunctival) with an inoculum (No. 13\u20137) consisting of a pool of scrapie-affected sheep brains. Except for 3 sheep, all inoculated animals were euthanized when advanced clinical signs of scrapie were observed between 19 and 46 months postinoculation (MPI). Spongiform lesions in the brains and labeling of PrP<jats:sup>Sc<\/jats:sup> in central nervous system and lymphoid tissues were present in these sheep. One intranasally inoculated sheep euthanized at 12 MPI had presence of PrP<jats:sup>Sc<\/jats:sup> that was confined to the pharyngeal tonsil. These results indicate that the upper respiratory tract, specifically the pharyngeal tonsil, may serve as a portal of entry for prion protein in scrapie-infected environments. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.45-1-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,11]],"date-time":"2008-01-11T20:28:12Z","timestamp":1200083292000},"page":"7-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Experimental Transmission of US Scrapie Agent by Nasal, Peritoneal, and Conjunctival Routes to Genetically Susceptible Sheep"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"A. N.","family":"Hamir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Ames, IA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. A.","family":"Kunkle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Ames, IA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. A.","family":"Richt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Ames, IA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. M.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Ames, IA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. J.","family":"Greenlee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Ames, IA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-vp.45-1-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-77-10-2669"},{"key":"bibr2-vp.45-1-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0305777101"},{"key":"bibr3-vp.45-1-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.11.2.607"},{"key":"bibr4-vp.45-1-7","unstructured":"4 Hamir AN, Kunkle RA, Bulgin M, Rohwer RG, Gregori LL, Richt JA: Successful transmission of US scrapie to susceptible sheep using the intralingual route of inoculation. Can J Vet Res (in press)"},{"key":"bibr5-vp.45-1-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870501700103"},{"key":"bibr6-vp.45-1-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01718157"},{"key":"bibr7-vp.45-1-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02649-06"},{"key":"bibr8-vp.45-1-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.9.3254-3259.2000"},{"key":"bibr9-vp.45-1-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.6.1750-1755.1998"},{"key":"bibr10-vp.45-1-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-78-4-975"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1354\/vp.45-1-7","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1354\/vp.45-1-7","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1354\/vp.45-1-7","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,2]],"date-time":"2025-03-02T10:34:46Z","timestamp":1740911686000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1354\/vp.45-1-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1354\/vp.45-1-7"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1354\/vp.45-1-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-9858","1544-2217"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-9858","type":"print"},{"value":"1544-2217","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]}}}