{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T18:53:22Z","timestamp":1790189602620,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,1]],"date-time":"2006-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1157068800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The potential for brief periods of low-magnitude, high-frequency mechanical signals to enhance the musculoskeletal system was evaluated in young women with low BMD. Twelve months of this noninvasive signal, induced as whole body vibration for at least 2 minutes each day, increased bone and muscle mass in the axial skeleton and lower extremities compared with controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Introduction: The incidence of osteoporosis, a disease that manifests in the elderly, may be reduced by increasing peak bone mass in the young. Preliminary data indicate that extremely low-level mechanical signals are anabolic to bone tissue, and their ability to enhance bone and muscle mass in young women was investigated in this study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Materials and Methods: A 12-month trial was conducted in 48 young women (15\u201320 years) with low BMD and a history of at least one skeletal fracture. One half of the subjects underwent brief (10 minutes requested), daily, low-level whole body vibration (30 Hz, 0.3g); the remaining women served as controls. Quantitative CT performed at baseline and at the end of study was used to establish changes in muscle and bone mass in the weight-bearing skeleton.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results: Using an intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, cancellous bone in the lumbar vertebrae and cortical bone in the femoral midshaft of the experimental group increased by 2.1% (p = 0.025) and 3.4% (p &amp;lt; 0.001), respectively, compared with 0.1% (p = 0.74) and 1.1% (p = 0.14), in controls. Increases in cancellous and cortical bone were 2.0% (p = 0.06) and 2.3% (p = 0.04) greater, respectively, in the experimental group compared with controls. Cross-sectional area of paraspinous musculature was 4.9% greater (p = 0.002) in the experimental group versus controls. When a per protocol analysis was considered, gains in both muscle and bone were strongly correlated to a threshold in compliance, where the benefit of the mechanical intervention compared with controls was realized once subjects used the device for at least 2 minute\/day (n = 18), as reflected by a 3.9% increase in cancellous bone of the spine (p = 0.007), 2.9% increase in cortical bone of the femur (p = 0.009), and 7.2% increase in musculature of the spine (p = 0.001) compared with controls and low compliers (n = 30).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions: Short bouts of extremely low-level mechanical signals, several orders of magnitude below that associated with vigorous exercise, increased bone and muscle mass in the weight-bearing skeleton of young adult females with low BMD. Should these musculoskeletal enhancements be preserved through adulthood, this intervention may prove to be a deterrent to osteoporosis in the elderly.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.060612","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,30]],"date-time":"2006-08-30T00:29:34Z","timestamp":1156897774000},"page":"1464-1474","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":277,"title":["Low-Level, High-Frequency Mechanical Signals Enhance Musculoskeletal Development of Young Women With Low BMD"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Vicente","family":"Gilsanz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Childrens Hospital of Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Childrens Hospital of Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tishya AL","family":"Wren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Childrens Hospital of Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Childrens Hospital of Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monique","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Childrens Hospital of Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederick","family":"Dorey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Childrens Hospital of Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Judex","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clinton","family":"Rubin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024013019381054000_bib1","first-page":"3908","article-title":"Early identification of children predisposed to low peak bone mass and osteoporosis later in life","volume":"85","author":"Loro","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2024013019381054000_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117034","article-title":"Timing of peak bone mass in Caucasian females and its implication for the prevention of osteoporosis. 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