{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T06:18:35Z","timestamp":1770963515415,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,1]],"date-time":"2006-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1162339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>In this study of 242 patients with renal failure, women, patients with diabetes, and patients on peritoneal dialysis had the highest risk of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency. Levels correlated positively to BMD Z scores, and hip BMD was inversely related to prevalent fracture. Increasing 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels may benefit these patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Introduction: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D deficiency (&amp;lt;37 nM) is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 5 (glomerular filtration rate &amp;lt; 15 ml\/min\/1.73 m2 or on dialysis), but it is unclear if this deficiency is associated with bone disease and if supplementation is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected on 242 patients with CKD stage 5 caused by type 1 diabetes (33%), type 2 diabetes (2%), and other causes (65%), who were about to undergo kidney or kidney pancreas transplantation. Prevalent spinal fracture was assessed by X-ray and BMD by DXA.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Results: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D deficiency was present in 28% of patients with diabetes versus 12% without (p &amp;lt; 0.0001). Patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) had lower levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D than patients on hemodialysis (HD; 49 \u00b1 26 versus 77 \u00b1 34 nM; p &amp;lt; 0.0001), and women had lower levels than men (51 \u00b1 25 versus 77 \u00b1 35 pM; p &amp;lt; 0.0001). BMD Z scores were within 1 SD of the mean at all sites, except in patients with diabetes (femoral neck Z score, \u22121.07 \u00b1 1.2; p &amp;lt; 0.0001) and patients who had undergone parathyroidectomy (lumbar spine Z score, 1.03 \u00b1 1.34, femoral neck Z score, 1.24 \u00b1 1.35; p &amp;lt; 0.001 and p &amp;lt; 0.0001, respectively). In multiple stepwise linear regression analysis, levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D correlated positively and intact PTH (iPTH) correlated negatively to Z scores at the lumbar spine and wrist. Time on dialysis correlated positively to Z scores at the femoral neck and lumbar spine. Diabetes and serum alkaline phosphatase levels correlated negatively with Z scores at the femoral neck. Lower femoral neck BMD was associated with an increased prevalence of vertebral fracture and fragility fracture at any site (p = 0.03 and p &amp;lt; 0.03, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Conclusions: This study of patients with CKD stage 5 identifies women, patients with diabetes, and patients on PD as being at particular risk of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency. We describe positive associations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and BMD Z scores and an association between femoral neck BMD and fragility fracture at any site. Treatment to improve 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels may benefit these patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.060803","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,29]],"date-time":"2006-09-29T14:58:12Z","timestamp":1159541892000},"page":"1778-1784","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["25-Hydroxyvitamin D Deficiency and Diabetes Predict Reduced BMD in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Grahame J","family":"Elder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Mackun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024013019374816100_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2094","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2002.17.12.2094","article-title":"Pathophysiology and recent advances in the management of renal osteodystrophy","volume":"17","author":"Elder","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2024013019374816100_bib2","first-page":"191","article-title":"Hyperparathyroid bone disease in diabetic renal failure","volume":"14","author":"Cundy","year":"1990","journal-title":"Diabetes Res"},{"key":"2024013019374816100_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1159\/000081023","article-title":"Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in chronic kidney disease. 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