{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T21:18:11Z","timestamp":1791062291800,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]],"date-time":"2008-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The aim of these analyses was to describe the association between physical performance and risk of hip fractures in older men. Performance on five physical function exams (leg power, grip strength, usual walking pace, narrow walk balance test, and five repeated chair stands) was assessed in 5902 men \u226565 yr of age. Performance (time to complete or strength) was analyzed as quartiles, with an additional category for unable to complete the measure, in proportional hazards models. Follow-up averaged 5.3 yr; 77 incident hip fractures were confirmed by physician review of radiology reports. Poor physical performance was associated with an increased risk of hip fracture. In particular, repeated chair stand performance was strongly related to hip fracture risk. Men unable to complete this exam were much more likely to experience a hip fracture than men in the fastest quartile of this test (multivariate hazard ratio [MHR]: 8.15; 95% CI: 2.65, 25.03). Men with the worst performance (weakest\/slowest quartile or unable) on at least three exams had an increased risk of hip fracture compared with men with higher functioning (MHR: 3.14, 95% CI: 1.46, 6.73). Nearly two thirds of the hip fractures (N = 49, 64%) occurred in men with poor performance on at least three exams. Poor physical function is independently associated with an increased risk of hip fracture in older men. The repeated chair stands exam should be considered in clinical settings for evaluation of hip fracture risk. Concurrent poor performance on multiple physical function exams is associated with an increased risk of hip fractures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.080227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,26]],"date-time":"2008-02-26T09:05:02Z","timestamp":1204016702000},"page":"1037-1044","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":144,"title":["Physical Performance and Risk of Hip Fractures in Older Men"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Peggy Mannen","family":"Cawthon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin L","family":"Fullman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynn","family":"Marshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dawn C","family":"Mackey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Howard A","family":"Fink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA"},{"name":"Center for Chronic Disease Outcomes Research, VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane A","family":"Cauley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven R","family":"Cummings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric S","family":"Orwoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristine E","family":"Ensrud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA"},{"name":"Center for Chronic Disease Outcomes Research, VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08657-9","article-title":"Epidemiology and outcomes of osteoporotic fractures","volume":"359","author":"Cummings","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1996.tb02432.x","article-title":"Falls leading to femoral neck fractures in lucid older people","volume":"44","author":"Nyberg","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib3","first-page":"3","article-title":"Reducing falls and resulting hip fractures among older women","volume":"49","author":"Stevens","year":"2000","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198812293192604","article-title":"Risk factors for falls among elderly persons living in the community","volume":"319","author":"Tinetti","year":"1988","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a008690","article-title":"Falls in the elderly: A prospective study of risk factors and risk profiles","volume":"143","author":"Graafmans","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2004.52310.x","article-title":"Muscle weakness and falls in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"Moreland","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib7","first-page":"400","article-title":"Exercise to improve gait velocity in older persons","volume":"74","author":"Judge","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199406233302501","article-title":"Exercise training and nutritional supplementation for physical frailty in very elderly people","volume":"330","author":"Fiatarone","year":"1994","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1995.tb07394.x","article-title":"The effect of a 12-month exercise trial on balance, strength, and falls in older women: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"43","author":"Lord","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M64","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/51A.2.M64","article-title":"The effect of exercise on gait patterns in older women: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"51","author":"Lord","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(96)90103-3","article-title":"Exercise effect on dynamic stability in older women: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"77","author":"Lord","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1996.tb01433.x","article-title":"Balance and strength training in older adults: Intervention gains and Tai Chi maintenance","volume":"44","author":"Wolfson","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1994.tb06584.x","article-title":"Effects of resistive and balance exercises on isokinetic strength in older persons","volume":"42","author":"Judge","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M281","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/56.5.M281","article-title":"Effect of intense strength training on standing balance, walking speed, and sit-to-stand performance in older adults","volume":"56","author":"Schlicht","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199503233321202","article-title":"Risk factors for hip fracture in white women. Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group","volume":"332","author":"Cummings","year":"1995","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.061017","article-title":"Predictors of Non-Spine Fracture in Elderly Men: The MrOS Study","volume":"22","author":"Lewis","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2005.05.005","article-title":"Overview of recruitment for the osteoporotic fractures in men study (MrOS)","volume":"26","author":"Blank","year":"2005","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2005.05.006","article-title":"Design and baseline characteristics of the osteoporotic fractures in men (MrOS) study-a large observational study of the determinants of fracture in older men","volume":"26","author":"Orwoll","year":"2005","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00713504","article-title":"A new method for measuring power output in a single leg extension: Feasibility, reliability and validity","volume":"60","author":"Bassey","year":"1990","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0820321","article-title":"Leg extensor power and functional performance in very old men and women","volume":"82","author":"Bassey","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/S0894-1130(12)80326-7","article-title":"Accuracy of the Jamar dynamometer","volume":"6","author":"Harkonen","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Hand Ther"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(93)90053-4","article-title":"The Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE): Development and evaluation","volume":"46","author":"Washburn","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwk050","article-title":"Incident fall risk and physical activity and physical performance among older men: The Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study","volume":"165","author":"Chan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.060708","article-title":"BMD and risk of hip and nonvertebral fractures in older men: A prospective study and comparison with older women","volume":"21","author":"Cummings","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1921","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.050520","article-title":"Identification of high-risk individuals for hip fracture: A 14-year prospective study","volume":"20","author":"Nguyen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2002.50160.x","article-title":"Weighted stair climbing in mobility-limited older people: A pilot study","volume":"50","author":"Bean","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.23838","article-title":"Velocity training induces power-specific adaptations in highly functioning older adults","volume":"82","author":"Earles","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/73.4.254","article-title":"Balance improvements in older women: Effects of exercise training","volume":"73","author":"Judge","year":"1993","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7115.1065","article-title":"Randomised controlled trial of a general practice programme of home based exercise to prevent falls in elderly women","volume":"315","author":"Campbell","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2003.51551.x","article-title":"The effect of group exercise on physical functioning and falls in frail older people living in retirement villages: A randomized, controlled trial","volume":"51","author":"Lord","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2004.52200.x","article-title":"Resistance and agility training reduce fall risk in women aged 75 to 85 with low bone mass: A 6-month randomized, controlled trial","volume":"52","author":"Liu-Ambrose","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"2024020319520081900_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53525.x","article-title":"The beneficial effects of group-based exercises on fall risk profile and physical activity persist 1 year postintervention in older women with low bone mass: Follow-up after withdrawal of exercise","volume":"53","author":"Liu-Ambrose","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"}],"container-title":["Journal of Bone and Mineral Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1359%2Fjbmr.080227","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article-pdf\/23\/7\/1037\/56571009\/5650230710.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article-pdf\/23\/7\/1037\/56571009\/5650230710.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,13]],"date-time":"2024-03-13T10:50:37Z","timestamp":1710327037000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article\/23\/7\/1037-1044\/7599530"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1359\/jbmr.080227","relation":{},"ISSN":["0884-0431","1523-4681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0884-0431","type":"print"},{"value":"1523-4681","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]]}}}