{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T15:24:41Z","timestamp":1782833081426,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,19]],"date-time":"2010-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1263859200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a strong cardiovascular risk marker in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Vitamin D deficiency and\/or disturbed vitamin D signaling has been implicated in LVH in experimental models. Because the BsmI vitamin D receptor VDR gene polymorphism may alter VDR function, we performed a cross-sectional and longitudinal study in a cohort of 182 dialysis patients to investigate (1) the relationship between BsmI VDR gene polymorphism and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) measured by echocardiography and (2) the predictive power of this polymorphism for progression in LVH over a 18\u2009\u00b1\u20092 months of follow-up. As a reference group, we used 175 healthy subjects matched to the study population as for age and sex. The distribution of BsmI genotypes did not significantly deviate from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium either in patients or in the control group of healthy subjects. The frequency of the B allele of BsmI polymorphism (40.4%) in dialysis patients was similar to that of healthy control subjects (38.6%), and the number of B alleles was directly related to LVMI (r\u2009=\u20090.20, P\u2009=\u2009.007). This relationship remained robust (\u03b2\u2009=\u20090.19, P\u2009=\u2009.006) in multivariate analysis adjusting for traditional and nontraditional risk factors and antihypertensive and calcitriol treatment. In the longitudinal study, LVMI rose from 60.1\u2009\u00b1\u200917.9 to 64.2\u2009\u00b1\u200919.3\u2009g\/m2.7 (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.001), and again, the number of B alleles was associated with LVMI changes both in crude and in fully adjusted analyses. These cross-sectional and longitudinal observations coherently support the hypothesis that altered vitamin D signaling is implicated in LVH in ESRD patients. \u00a9 2010 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.090717","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,20]],"date-time":"2009-07-20T14:09:07Z","timestamp":1248098947000},"page":"313-319","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism is associated with left ventricular (LV) mass and predicts left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) progression in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Testa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CNR-IBIM, Research Unit of Clinical Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Renal Disease and Hypertension, Reggio Calabria, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Mallamaci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNR-IBIM, Research Unit of Clinical Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Renal Disease and Hypertension, Reggio Calabria, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco A","family":"Benedetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Unit, Morelli Hospital, Reggio Calabria, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Pisano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNR-IBIM, Research Unit of Clinical Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Renal Disease and Hypertension, Reggio Calabria, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Tripepi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNR-IBIM, Research Unit of Clinical Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Renal Disease and Hypertension, Reggio Calabria, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Malatino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renal Unit and the Center for D-Receptor Activation Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravi","family":"Thadhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Internal Medicine, University of Catania, c\/o Ospedale Cannizzaro, Catanua, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmine","family":"Zoccali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNR-IBIM, Research Unit of Clinical Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Renal Disease and Hypertension, Reggio Calabria, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/11.7.1277","article-title":"Outcome and risk factors for left ventricular disorders in chronic uraemia","volume":"11","author":"Parfrey","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant."},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib2","first-page":"2768","article-title":"Prognostic impact of the indexation of left ventricular mass in patients undergoing dialysis","volume":"200112","author":"Zoccali","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V1251079","article-title":"Left ventricular hypertrophy in the renal patient","volume":"12","author":"Middleton","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000022063.50739.60","article-title":"Norepinephrine and concentric hypertrophy in patients with end-stage renal disease","volume":"40","author":"Zoccali","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2002.00437.x","article-title":"Left ventricular hypertrophy, cardiac remodeling and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in hemodialysis patients","volume":"62","author":"Zoccali","year":"2002","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5002451","article-title":"Vitamin D levels and early mortality among incident hemodialysis patients","volume":"72","author":"Wolf","year":"2007","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E125","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00224.2004","article-title":"Cardiac hypertrophy in vitamin D receptor knockout mice: role of the systemic and cardiac renin-angiotensin systems","volume":"288","author":"Xiang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2006.12.099","article-title":"1,25(OH)2-vitamin D3 actions on cell proliferation, size, gene expression, and receptor localization, in the HL-1 cardiac myocyte","volume":"103","author":"Nibbelink","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol."},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118582","article-title":"1,25(OH)2 Vitamin D3 and retinoic acid antagonize endothelin-stimulated hypertrophy of neonatal rat cardiac myocytes","volume":"97","author":"Wu","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16810","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0611202104","article-title":"Activated vitamin D attenuates left ventricular abnormalities induced by dietary sodium in Dahl salt-sensitive animals","volume":"104","author":"Bodyak","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1159\/000183125","article-title":"Uremic cardiomyopathy: potential role of vitamin D and parathyroid hormone","volume":"36","author":"McGonigle","year":"1984","journal-title":"Nephron."},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(99)70260-X","article-title":"Intravenous calcitriol regresses myocardial hypertrophy in hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"33","author":"Park","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c21","DOI":"10.1159\/000088295","article-title":"Calcitriol regresses cardiac hypertrophy and QT dispersion in secondary hyperparathyroidism on hemodialysis","volume":"102","author":"Kim","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nephron Clin Pract."},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyg070","article-title":"\u201cMendelian randomization\u201d: can genetic epidemiology contribute to understanding environmental determinants of disease?","volume":"32","author":"Davey","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol."},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2001.28582","article-title":"Influence of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms on mortality risk in hemodialysis patients","volume":"38","author":"Marco","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis."},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/16.3.1215","article-title":"A simple salting out procedure for extracting DNA from human nucleated cells","volume":"16","author":"Miller","year":"1988","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2113","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)07217-8","article-title":"Plasma concentration of asymmetrical dimethylarginine and mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease: a prospective study","volume":"358","author":"Zoccali","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(92)90385-Z","article-title":"Left ventricular mass and body size in normotensive children and adults: assessment of allometric relations and impact of overweight","volume":"20","author":"De Simone","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-199917120-00013","article-title":"Prediction of left ventricular geometry by clinic, pre-dialysis and 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring in hemodialysis patients: CREED investigators","volume":"17","author":"Zoccali","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.700401","article-title":"Genetic association studies","volume":"118","author":"Lunetta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib21","first-page":"505","article-title":"Regression of left ventricular hypertrophy and cardiovascular risk changes in hypertensive patients","volume":"5","author":"Verdecchia","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ital Heart J."},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2004.00530.x","article-title":"Left ventricular mass monitoring in the follow-up of dialysis patients: prognostic value of left ventricular hypertrophy progression","volume":"65","author":"Zoccali","year":"2004","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2759","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V12122759","article-title":"Alterations of left ventricular hypertrophy in and survival of patients receiving hemodialysis: follow-up of an interventional study","volume":"12","author":"London","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.11.1291","article-title":"Effect of frequent nocturnal hemodialysis vs conventional hemodialysis on left ventricular mass and quality of life: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"298","author":"Culleton","year":"2007","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.0301265","article-title":"Meta-analysis of molecular association studies: vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and BMD as a case study","volume":"19","author":"Thakkinstian","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2006.02.016","article-title":"Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and diseases","volume":"371","author":"Valdivielso","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta."},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2002.35694","article-title":"The impact of vitamin D receptor genotype on the management of anemia in hemodialysis patients","volume":"40","author":"Erturk","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis."},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib28","author":"Krause"},{"key":"2024020401083014700_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006060573","article-title":"Mineral metabolism and arterial functions in end-stage renal disease: potential role of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency","volume":"18","author":"London","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Bone and Mineral Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1359%2Fjbmr.090717","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article-pdf\/25\/2\/313\/56579215\/jbmr90717.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article-pdf\/25\/2\/313\/56579215\/jbmr90717.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,13]],"date-time":"2024-03-13T14:53:05Z","timestamp":1710341585000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article\/25\/2\/313-319\/7600330"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,19]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1359\/jbmr.090717","relation":{},"ISSN":["0884-0431","1523-4681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0884-0431","type":"print"},{"value":"1523-4681","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,19]]}}}