{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T07:18:17Z","timestamp":1791357497008,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,1]],"date-time":"2010-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1270080000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are used increasingly in clinical practice to treat a number of conditions. However, the relationship between the use of these medications, particularly the newer AEDs, and fracture risk has not been well characterized. We used data from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) to determine the relationship bewteen the use of AEDs and falls, fractures, and bone mineral density (BMD) over an average of 7.7 years of follow-up. We included 138,667 women (1,385 users of AEDs and 137,282 nonusers) aged 50 to 79 years in this longitudinal cohort analyses. After adjustment for covariates, use of AEDs was positively associated with total fractures [hazard ratio (HR)\u2009=\u20091.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.30\u20131.61], all site-specific fractures including the hip (HR\u2009=\u20091.51, 95% CI 1.05\u20132.17), clinical vertebral fractures (HR\u2009=\u20091.60, 95% CI 1.20\u20132.12), lower arm or wrist fractures (HR\u2009=\u20091.40, 95% CI 1.11\u20131.76), and other clinical fractures (HR\u2009=\u20091.46, 95% CI 1.29\u20131.65) and two or more falls (HR\u2009=\u20091.62, 95% CI 1.50\u20131.74) but not with baseline BMD or changes in BMD (p\u2009\u2265\u2009.064 for all sites). Use of more than one and use of enzyme-inducing AEDs were significantly associated with total fractures (HR\u2009=\u20091.55, 95% CI 1.15\u20132.09 and HR\u2009=\u20091.36, 95% CI 1.09\u20131.69, respectively). We conclude that in clinical practice, postmenopausal women who use AEDs should be considered at increased risk for fracture, and attention to fall prevention may be particularly important in these women. \u00a9 2010 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.091027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,19]],"date-time":"2009-10-19T22:05:01Z","timestamp":1255989901000},"page":"873-881","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Antiepileptic drug use, falls, fractures, and BMD in postmenopausal women: Findings from the women's health initiative (WHI)"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Laura D","family":"Carbone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen C","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Robbins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph C","family":"Larson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J David","family":"Curb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margery","family":"Gass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea Z","family":"LaCroix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024020401092125400_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-7075-3-36","article-title":"Antiepileptic drugs and bone metabolism","volume":"3","author":"Valsamis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nutr Metab (Lond)."},{"key":"2024020401092125400_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S161","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-004-0278-4","article-title":"Anticonvulsant drugs in primary headaches prophylaxis","volume":"25","author":"Frediani","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurol Sci."},{"key":"2024020401092125400_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2006.07.005","article-title":"Novel anticonvulsant drugs","volume":"113","author":"Stefan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther."},{"key":"2024020401092125400_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-006-0185-z","article-title":"Anti-epileptic medication and bone health","volume":"18","author":"Petty","year":"2007","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int."},{"key":"2024020401092125400_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2007.01081.x","article-title":"Risk factors associated with the occurrence of fractures in US nursing homes: resident and facility characteristics and prescription medications","volume":"55","author":"Spector","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc."},{"key":"2024020401092125400_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.8.949","article-title":"Central nervous system active medications and risk for fractures in older women","volume":"163","author":"Ensrud","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med."},{"key":"2024020401092125400_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2004.18804.x","article-title":"Fracture risk associated with use of antiepileptic drugs","volume":"45","author":"Vestergaard","year":"2004","journal-title":"Epilepsia."},{"key":"2024020401092125400_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199503233321202","article-title":"Risk factors for hip fracture in white women. 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