{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T17:17:05Z","timestamp":1790097425589,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,2,1]],"date-time":"1997-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":854755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is known to enhance osteoclast recruitment, and thereby bone resorption. Thus, IL-6 has been proposed to mediate hypercalcemia in multiple myeloma and the enhanced osteoclastic activity seen in postmenopausal osteoporosis. We recently reported that the calcium concentration in plasma affects IL-6 secretion from mononuclear blood cells. To investigate the underlying mechanism, we have studied the effect of calcium on IL-6 formation in mononuclear blood cells ex vivo and in vitro. Thirteen healthy volunteers were given 1 g of calcium orally after overnight fasting. Plasma levels of ionized calcium (pCa2+) and serum levels of parathyroid hormone (sPTH) were measured after 2 and 4 h, with all subjects still fasting. After 2 h, pCa2+ was increased and sPTH decreased in all 13 persons. IL-6 secretion ex vivo from mononuclear blood cells drawn 4 h after calcium intake was increased 185% as compared with IL-6 secretion from cells drawn just before calcium intake. In control experiments without calcium intake, there was no alteration in pCa2+ and no effect on IL-6 secretion from mononuclear blood cells. In vitro studies revealed that stimulation of isolated mononuclear blood cells with physiological concentrations of calcium dose-dependently increased IL-6 secretion with an estimated EC50 at 1.2 mM Ca2+. No effect on the IL-6 secretion was seen following treatment of the isolated mononuclear blood cells with PTH or calcitonin. These observations demonstrate that the plasma calcium concentration affects IL-6 secretion from mononuclear blood cells. The in vitro data indicate the involvement of a direct calcium sensing mechanism. These findings might have implications in hypercalcemia and should also be borne in mind when considering the role of cytokines in osteoporosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1997.12.2.228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,26]],"date-time":"2006-04-26T21:49:03Z","timestamp":1146088143000},"page":"228-233","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Regulation of Interleukin-6 Secretion from Mononuclear Blood Cells by Extracellular Calcium"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Eva","family":"Bornefalk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sverker","family":"Ljunghall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala, 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