{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T01:42:49Z","timestamp":1782956569205,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,5,1]],"date-time":"1997-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":862444800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Postmenopausal bone loss can be prevented by continuous or intermittent estradiol (E2) administration. Concomitant progestogen therapy is mandatory in nonhysterectomized women to curtail the risk of endometrial hyperplasia or cancer. However, the recurrence of vaginal bleeding induced by sequential progestogen therapy in addition to continuous estrogen administration is one of the reasons for noncompliance to hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Tibolone, a synthetic steroid with simultaneous weak estrogenic, androgenic, and progestational activity, which does not stimulate endometrial proliferation, has recently been proposed for the treatment of climacteric symptoms. To compare the efficacy of conventional oral and transdermal HRT with that of tibolone in the prevention of postmenopausal bone loss, 140 postmenopausal women (age, 52 \u00b1 0.6 years; median duration of menopause, 3 years) were enrolled in an open 2-year study. Volunteers had been offered a choice between HRT and no therapy (control group, CO). Patients selecting HRT were randomly allocated to one of the following three treatment groups: TIB, tibolone, 2.5 mg\/day continuously, orally; PO, peroral E2, 2 mg\/day continuously, plus sequential oral dydrogesterone (DYD), 10 mg\/day, for 14 days of a 28-day cycle; TTS, transdermal E2 by patch releasing 50 \u03bcg\/day, plus DYD as above. Bone densitometry of the lumbar spine, upper femur, and whole body was performed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline, and then 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after initiation of therapy. One hundred and fifteen women (82%) completed the 2 years of the study. The dropout rate was similar in each group. Over 2 years, bone preservation was observed in all three treatment groups as compared with controls, without significant differences among treatment regimens. In conclusion, tibolone can be regarded as an alternative to conventional HRT to prevent postmenopausal bone loss.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1997.12.5.806","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,26]],"date-time":"2006-04-26T22:28:51Z","timestamp":1146090531000},"page":"806-812","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Prevention of Postmenopausal Bone Loss Using Tibolone or Conventional Peroral or Transdermal Hormone Replacement Therapy with 17\u03b2-Estradiol and Dydrogesterone"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Kurt","family":"Lippuner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Policlinic of Medicine, University Hospital of Berne, Berne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Willy","family":"Haenggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Endocrinology, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin H.","family":"Birkhaeuser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Endocrinology, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Paul","family":"Casez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Policlinic of Medicine, University Hospital of Berne, Berne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Jaeger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Policlinic of Medicine, University Hospital of Berne, Berne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-87-6-649","article-title":"The effect of estrogen and calcium carbonate on bone loss in postmenopausal women","volume":"87","author":"Recker","year":"1977","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.1980.tb00033.x","article-title":"Prevention of early postmenopausal bone loss: Controlled 2-year study in 315 normal females","volume":"10","author":"Christiansen","year":"1980","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-97-5-699","article-title":"Quantitative computed tomography of vertebral spongiosa: A sensitive method for detecting early bone loss after oophorectomy","volume":"97","author":"Genant","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib4","first-page":"277","article-title":"Estrogen replacement therapy: A 10 year prospective study in the relationship to osteoporosis","volume":"53","author":"Nachtigall","year":"1979","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)91801-G","article-title":"Effects of transdermal versus oral hormone replacement therapy on bone density in spine and proximal femur in postmenopausal women","volume":"335","author":"Stevenson","year":"1990","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199310143291601","article-title":"The effect of postmenopausal estrogen therapy on bone density in elderly women","volume":"329","author":"Felson","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.299.6713.1434","article-title":"Use of estrogen replacement therapy in high risk groups in the United Kingdom","volume":"299","author":"Spector","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1992.tb13732.x","article-title":"Compliance with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) after screening for post menopausal osteoporosis","volume":"99","author":"Ryan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5122(94)90004-3","article-title":"Compliance to hormone replacement therapy in menopausal women controlled in a third level academic centre","volume":"20","author":"Cano","year":"1995","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/0029-7844(94)00383-O","article-title":"Hormone replacement therapy and endometrial cancer risk: A meta-analysis","volume":"85","author":"Grady","year":"1995","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03520270033028","article-title":"Effects of estrogen or estrogen\/progestin regimens on heart disease risk factors in postmenopausal women","volume":"273","author":"The Writing group for the PEPI Trial","year":"1995","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5122(86)90022-8","article-title":"Prevention of endometrial cancer with progestogens","volume":"8","author":"Gambrell","year":"1986","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib13","first-page":"15","article-title":"Pharmacological studies with OD14","volume":"1","author":"Vies van der","year":"1987","journal-title":"Maturitas Suppl"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5122(87)90038-7","article-title":"Clinical profile of Org OD 14","volume":"1","author":"Tax","year":"1987","journal-title":"Maturitas Suppl"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.280.6225.1207","article-title":"Prospective double blind trial of synthetic steroid (Org OD 14) for preventing postmenopausal osteoporosis","volume":"1","author":"Lindsay","year":"1980","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01622189","article-title":"Effect of tibolone on postmenopausal bone loss","volume":"4","author":"Rymer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(96)00219-0","article-title":"Effects of two doses of tibolone on trabecular and cortical bone loss in early postmenopausal women: A two-year randomized, placebo-controlled study","volume":"19","author":"Berning","year":"1996","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-13-6-688","article-title":"Comparative clinical evaluation of estrogenic preparations by the menopausal and amenorrheal indices","volume":"13","author":"Kupperman","year":"1953","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1994.tb02440.x","article-title":"The effect of oestradiol implants on regional and total bone mass: A three-year longitudinal study","volume":"40","author":"Ryde","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-120-2-199401150-00001","article-title":"Calcium supplementation with and without hormone replacement therapy to prevent postmenopausal bone loss","volume":"120","author":"Aloia","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(91)90538-9","article-title":"Effect of progestin therapy on cortical and trabecular bone: Comparison with estrogen","volume":"90","author":"Gallagher","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib22","first-page":"262","article-title":"Osteoporosis prevention with sex hormone replacement therapy","volume":"39","author":"Rozenberg","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int J Fertil"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5122(91)90099-C","article-title":"Non-linear increase in vertebral density induced by a synthetic steroid (Org OD 14) in women with established osteoporosis","volume":"13","author":"Geusens","year":"1991","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib24","first-page":"1010","article-title":"Endocrinological studies with (7-\u03b1, 17-\u03b1)-17-hydroxy-7-methyl-19-norpregn-5(10)-en-20-yn-3-one (Org OD 14)","volume":"34","author":"De Visser","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arznei Forsch"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5122(84)90002-1","article-title":"Androgen and estrogen dynamics in women with vertebral crush fractures","volume":"6","author":"Longcope","year":"1984","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-54-1-115","article-title":"Total and free estrogens and androgens in postmenopausal women with hip fractures","volume":"54","author":"Davidson","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/0029-7844(94)00448-M","article-title":"Comparison of oral estrogens and estrogens plus androgen on bone mineral density, menopausal symptoms, and lipid-lipoprotein profiles in surgical menopause","volume":"85","author":"Watts","year":"1995","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650090217","article-title":"Course of bone mass during and after hormone replacement therapy with and without addition of nandrolone decanoate","volume":"9","author":"Erdtsieck","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib29","first-page":"16","article-title":"Triple sex steroid replacement therapy for osteoporosis after surgical menopause","volume":"13","author":"Taylor","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Neurol Orthop Med Surg"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(83)90027-6","article-title":"Stanzolol in postmenopausal osteoporosis: Therapeutic efficacy and possible mechanisms of action","volume":"32","author":"Chesnut","year":"1983","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib31","first-page":"193","article-title":"Comparative effects of estrogen and a progestogen on bone loss in postmenopausal women","volume":"54","author":"Lindsay","year":"1978","journal-title":"Clin Sci Mol Med"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1042\/bj1900563","article-title":"The effects of estrogens and progesterone on estrogen receptors in the rat liver","volume":"19","author":"Marr","year":"1980","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"2024020713142375400_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-0760(90)90342-I","article-title":"In vivo conversion of norethisterone to ethinyl estradiol in perimenopausal women","volume":"37","author":"Reed","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Bone and Mineral Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1359%2Fjbmr.1997.12.5.806","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article-pdf\/12\/5\/806\/56596673\/5650120513.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article-pdf\/12\/5\/806\/56596673\/5650120513.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,13]],"date-time":"2024-03-13T14:55:04Z","timestamp":1710341704000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article\/12\/5\/806-812\/7514153"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,5,1]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1359\/jbmr.1997.12.5.806","relation":{},"ISSN":["0884-0431","1523-4681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0884-0431","type":"print"},{"value":"1523-4681","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[1997,5,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,5,1]]}}}