{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T14:24:59Z","timestamp":1789568699772,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,2,1]],"date-time":"2000-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":949363200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The \u201cmature rat model\u201d is an effective and often-used surrogate for studying mechanisms and characteristics of estrogen-deficient osteopenia. The purpose of this study was to extend our understanding of this animal model to include the mechanical properties of cancellous bone in the proximal tibia. Female Sprague\u2013Dawley rats were divided into two groups (n = 13 each) at 14 weeks of age: an ovariectomized group (OVX) and a sham-operated control group (sham). The study terminated after a duration of 5 weeks. Specimens 2 mm long were cut from the proximal tibial metaphysis just below the growth plate and tested using two methods: (1) \u201cwhole-slice\u201d compression, in which the entire specimen is loaded between two larger flat platens and (2) \u201creduced-platen\u201d compression (RPC), which uses platens sized and aligned to load only the cancellous bone in the center of the sample. Three-point bending tests also were conducted on the femur. The short duration of estrogen deficiency yielded only minimal differences (&amp;lt; 10%) in femoral cortical bone but dramatic reductions (\u223c60%) in cancellous bone properties as determined by the RPC method. Ultimate stress was 7.23 MPa \u00b1 1.97 MPa for OVX versus 18.1 MPa \u00b1 5.21 MPa for sham; and elastic modulus was 252 MPa \u00b1 104 MPa for OVX versus 603 MPa \u00b1 180 MPa for sham. These changes in mechanical properties are similar in many respects to the dramatic effects reported in histomorphometric studies. For the whole-slice method, differences in mechanical properties between the two groups were not as large because the test directly loads both cancellous and cortical bone, and the latter is not affected as severely by estrogen deficiency. In this case, ultimate stress and elastic modulus were only 30% (or less) lower for the OVX group. (J Bone Miner Res 2000;15:284\u2013292)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2000.15.2.284","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,26]],"date-time":"2006-04-26T22:22:06Z","timestamp":1146090126000},"page":"284-292","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["The Mechanical Properties of Cancellous Bone in the Proximal Tibia of Ovariectomized Rats"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Harry A.","family":"Hogan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A & M University, College Station"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean P.","family":"Ruhmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A & M University, College Station"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. 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