{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T15:33:58Z","timestamp":1792078438915,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,1]],"date-time":"2000-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":962409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fractures and subsequent morbidity determine the impact of established postmenopausal osteoporosis. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) has become an important outcome criterion in the assessment and follow-up of osteoporotic patients. As part of the baseline measurements of the Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation (MORE) study, HRQOL was assessed in 751 osteoporotic (bone mineral density [BMD] T score \u2265 \u22122.5) women from Europe with or without vertebral fractures (VFX). This was done using the quality of life questionnaire of the European Foundation for Osteoporosis (QUALEFFO), Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) and the EQ-5D (former EuroQol). QUALEFFO contains questions in five domains: pain, physical function, social function, general health perception, and mental function. Each domain score and QUALEFFO total scores are expressed on a 100-point scale, with 0 corresponding to the best HRQOL. In comparison with patients without VFX, those with VFX were older (66.2 \u00b1 5.9 years vs. 68.8 \u00b1 6.3 years; p &amp;lt; 0.001), had higher prevalence of nonvertebral fractures (25% vs. 36%; p = 0.002), and higher QUALEFFO scores (worse HRQOL; total score, 26 \u00b1 14 vs. 36 \u00b1 17; p &amp;lt; 0.001). QUALEFFO scores increased progressively with increasing number of VFX, especially lumbar fractures (p &amp;lt; 0.001). Patients with a single VFX already had a significant increase in QUALEFFO scores (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Similar, though weaker, associations were seen for NHP and EQ-5D scores. This study confirms decreased HRQOL for patients with prevalent VFX. In osteoporotic patients, QUALEFFO scores change in relation to the number of VFX. QUALEFFO is suitable for clinical studies in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2000.15.7.1384","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,26]],"date-time":"2006-04-26T16:30:23Z","timestamp":1146069023000},"page":"1384-1392","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":393,"title":["Health-Related Quality of Life in Postmenopausal Women With Low BMD With or Without Prevalent Vertebral Fractures"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Oleksik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Academic Hospital Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Lips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Academic Hospital Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Dawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael E.","family":"Minshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cyrus","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Centre, Academic Hospital, Southampton, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Kanis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(93)90218-E","article-title":"Consensus development conference: Prophylaxis and treatment of osteoporosis","volume":"94","author":"Anonymous","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-102-3-319","article-title":"Long-term estrogen replacement therapy prevents bone loss and fractures","volume":"102","author":"Ettinger","year":"1985","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1983.tb03691.x","article-title":"Relationship between bone mineral content and frequency of postmenopausal fractures","volume":"213","author":"Jensen","year":"1983","journal-title":"Acta Med Scand"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1676","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198606263142605","article-title":"Involutional osteoporosis","volume":"314","author":"Riggs","year":"1986","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650070214","article-title":"Incidence of clinically diagnosed vertebral fractures: A population-based study in Rochester, Minnesota, 1985\u20131989","volume":"7","author":"Cooper","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115204","article-title":"Epidemiology of vertebral fracture in women","volume":"129","author":"Melton","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650080707","article-title":"Prevalence of vertebral fracture in women and the relationship with bone density and symptoms: The Chingford study","volume":"8","author":"Spector","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650110719","article-title":"The prevalence of vertebral deformity in European men and women: The European Vertebral Osteoporosis study","volume":"11","author":"O'Neill","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-128-10-199805150-00001","article-title":"The association of radiographically detected vertebral fractures with back pain and function: A prospective study","volume":"128","author":"Nevitt","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(94)90004-3","article-title":"Pain and disability associated with new vertebral fractures and other spinal conditions","volume":"47","author":"Ross","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30S","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(97)90025-5","article-title":"Clinical consequences of vertebral fractures","volume":"103","author":"Ross","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650110721","article-title":"Vertebral fractures and other predictors of back pain among older women","volume":"11","author":"Huang","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650070413","article-title":"Contribution of vertebral deformities to chronic back pain and disability","volume":"7","author":"Ettinger","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1997.12.1.152","article-title":"Vertebral deformities and functional impairment in men and women","volume":"12","author":"Burger","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2469","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1996.00440200087011","article-title":"Vertebral fracture and other predictors of physical impairment and health care utilization","volume":"156","author":"Huang","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-6009(90)90107-Q","article-title":"A study of complaints and their relation to vertebral destruction in patients with osteoporosis","volume":"8","author":"Leidig","year":"1990","journal-title":"Bone Miner"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1997.12.4.663","article-title":"Clinical grading of spinal osteoporosis: Quality of life components and spinal deformity in women with chronic low back pain and women with vertebral osteoporosis","volume":"12","author":"Leidig-Bruckner","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(93)90210-G","article-title":"Association of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures with impaired functional status","volume":"94","author":"Lyles","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01623919","article-title":"Quality of life and vertebral osteoporosis","volume":"2","author":"Kanis","year":"1992","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S27","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(92)90193-Z","article-title":"The clinical consequences of vertebral compression fracture","volume":"13","author":"Silverman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188S","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(95)00500-5","article-title":"The clinical impact of vertebral fractures: Quality of life in women with osteoporosis","volume":"18","author":"Gold","year":"1996","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib22","first-page":"S106","article-title":"Quality of life in osteoporosis. (abstract)","volume":"6","author":"Linnel","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.305.6861.1074","article-title":"Quality of life measures in health care. I: Applications and issues in assessment","volume":"305","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"1992","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.305.6862.1145","article-title":"Quality of life measures in health care. II: Design, analysis and interpretation","volume":"305","author":"Fletcher","year":"1992","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(94)90813-3","article-title":"Costs and health effects of osteoporotic fractures","volume":"15","author":"Chrischilles","year":"1994","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01625451","article-title":"Guidelines for clinical trials in osteoporosis. A position paper of the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and Bone Disease","volume":"1","author":"Kanis","year":"1991","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00298877","article-title":"Recommendations for the registration of new chemical entities used in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis","volume":"57","author":"Reginster","year":"1995","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib28","first-page":"185","article-title":"Measuring health status: A new tool for clinicians and epidemiologists","volume":"35","author":"Hunt","year":"1985","journal-title":"J R Coll Gen Pract"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-198108000-00001","article-title":"The sickness impact profile: Development and final revision of a health status measure","volume":"19","author":"Bergner","year":"1981","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.305.6846.160","article-title":"Validating the SF-36 health survey questionnaire: new outcome measure for primary care","volume":"305","author":"Brazier","year":"1992","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(94)90005-1","article-title":"Test-retest reliability of health state valuations collected with the EuroQol questionnaire","volume":"39","author":"van Agt","year":"1994","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib32","first-page":"1171","article-title":"Quality of life in osteoporosis: Reliability, consistency, and validity of the osteoporosis assessment questionnaire","volume":"25","author":"Randell","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1997.12.3.456","article-title":"Development and validation of a discriminative quality of life questionnaire for osteoporosis (the OPTQoL)","volume":"12","author":"Lydick","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02672508","article-title":"Reliability of an osteoporosis-target quality of life survey instrument for use in the community","volume":"8","author":"Chandler","year":"1998","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01623457","article-title":"Quality of life as outcome in the treatment of osteoporosis: the development of a questionnaire for quality of life by the European Foundation for Osteoporosis","volume":"7","author":"Lips","year":"1997","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980050210","article-title":"Quality of life in patients with vertebral fractures: Validation of the quality of life questionnaire of the European Foundation for Osteoporosis (QUALEFFO)","volume":"10","author":"Lips","year":"1999","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib37","volume-title":"The Nottingham Health Profile User's Manual","author":"Galen Research and Consultancy","year":"1991"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib38","volume-title":"EQ-5D User Guide","author":"The EuroQol Group","year":"1996"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650080915","article-title":"Vertebral fracture assessment using a semiquantitative technique","volume":"8","author":"Genant","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"2024020714092621800_bib40","first-page":"11","article-title":"Raloxifene reduces the risk of incident vertebral fractures: 24-month interim analysis. (abstract)","volume":"8","author":"Ettinger","year":"1998","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib41","volume-title":"SAS\/STAT Software Release 6.08","author":"SAS Institute Inc.","year":"1994"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib42","author":"World Health Organization (WHO) Working Group","year":"1994"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"2024020714092621800_bib43","first-page":"S305","article-title":"The impact of vertebral fracture(s)on health related quality of life(HRQOL)in established postmenopausal osteoporosis depends on the number and location of the fracture(s). (abstract)","volume":"23","author":"Silverman","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-114-11-919","article-title":"Pre-existing fractures and bone mass predict vertebral fracture incidence in women","volume":"114","author":"Ross","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650090503","article-title":"Risk of hip fracture in women with vertebral fracture","volume":"9","author":"Kotowicz","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.309.6960.991","article-title":"Vertebral deformities as predictor of non-vertebral fractures","volume":"309","author":"Burger","year":"1994","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116756","article-title":"Population-based study of survival after vertebral fractures","volume":"137","author":"Cooper","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S12","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(97)90022-X","article-title":"The crippling consequences of fractures and their impact on quality of life","volume":"103","author":"Cooper","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780360603","article-title":"Quality of life issues in women with vertebral fractures due to osteoporosis","volume":"36","author":"Cook","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(96)80084-1","article-title":"Impact of fears on quality of life in patients with a silent disease: Osteoporosis","volume":"18","author":"Lydick","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1997.tb01470.x","article-title":"Correlates of kyphosis in older women","volume":"45","author":"Ensrud","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S89","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(93)90358-H","article-title":"The epidemiology of vertebral fractures","volume":"14","author":"Cooper","year":"1993","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib53","first-page":"642","article-title":"Methodological issues in translating health-related quality of life instruments. (abstract)","volume":"6","author":"Eremenco","year":"1997","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib54","first-page":"661","article-title":"Statistical equating of cross-cultural instruments. (abstract)","volume":"6","author":"Chang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib55","first-page":"43","volume-title":"Handbook of Psychology and Diabetes: A Guide to Psychological Measurement in Diabetes Research and Practice","author":"Bradley","year":"1994"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00422220","article-title":"The philosophy of health-related quality of life translation","volume":"2","author":"Guyatt","year":"1993","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5122(88)90064-3","article-title":"An examination of the association between vertebral deformities, physical disabilities and psychosocial problems","volume":"10","author":"Ettinger","year":"1988","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"2024020714092621800_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.50.3.158","article-title":"A longitudinal study of back pain and radiological changes in the lumbar spines of middle aged women. I. Clinical findings","volume":"50","author":"Symmons","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"}],"container-title":["Journal of Bone and Mineral Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1359%2Fjbmr.2000.15.7.1384","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article-pdf\/15\/7\/1384\/56604508\/5650150717.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article-pdf\/15\/7\/1384\/56604508\/5650150717.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,13]],"date-time":"2024-03-13T11:00:57Z","timestamp":1710327657000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article\/15\/7\/1384-1392\/7515510"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,1]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1359\/jbmr.2000.15.7.1384","relation":{},"ISSN":["0884-0431","1523-4681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0884-0431","type":"print"},{"value":"1523-4681","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,1]]}}}