{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T12:15:10Z","timestamp":1774527310820,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Guttmacher Institute","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,30]],"date-time":"2012-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1333065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Perspect Sexual Reproductive"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>CONTEXT:<\/jats:italic>\n          <\/jats:bold> Barriers to contraceptive access encourage nonuse and gaps in use, which contribute to the high prevalence of unintended pregnancy in the United States. One strategy to improve access to oral contraceptives is to make them available without a prescription.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>METHODS:<\/jats:italic>\n          <\/jats:bold> From March 2007 to January 2009, focus group discussions and in\u2010depth interviews were conducted with 45 low\u2010income women in the Boston area to explore how they obtain contraceptives and their opinions about making oral contraceptives available over the counter. Transcripts of the discussions and interviews were deductively and inductively coded. Data were analyzed thematically, and illustrative quotes were extracted.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>RESULTS:<\/jats:italic>\n          <\/jats:bold> Overall, participants reported ease in obtaining contraceptives, which were available at multiple accessible locations throughout Boston. However, various barriers\u2014unaffordable copays and clinic visits, the time required for clinic visits, restrictions on the number of packs of prescription contraceptives (e.g., the ring, the pill) purchased monthly and the limited time frame in which to purchase them\u2014deterred consistent use of preferred methods. Most participants supported over\u2010the\u2010counter access to oral contraceptives; however, they raised concerns about cost, as well as the safety of such access for minors, first\u2010time users and women with medical conditions.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:italic>\n          <\/jats:bold> Women\u2019s concerns about over\u2010the\u2010counter access to contraceptives must be addressed if this approach is to improve use and potentially help reduce the unintended pregnancy rate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1363\/4408412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,3]],"date-time":"2012-04-03T14:33:40Z","timestamp":1333463620000},"page":"84-91","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Barriers to Contraception and Interest In Over\u2010the\u2010Counter Access Among Low\u2010Income Women: A Qualitative Study"],"prefix":"10.1363","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Amanda","family":"Dennis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Grossman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"259","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1363\/3809006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","volume-title":"The Best Intentions: Unintended Pregnancy and the Well\u2010Being of Children and Families","author":"Brown SS","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2991608"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2136174"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Unin\u2010tended pregnancy prevention: home 2010 <http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/reproductivehealth\/unintendedpregnancy\/index.htm> accessed Mar. 22 2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1363\/3904807"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","article-title":"Use of contraception in the United States: 1982\u20132008","author":"Mosher WD","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vital and Health Statistics"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(99)70182-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","unstructured":"Guttmacher Institute Medicaid family planning eligibility expansions State Policies in Brief (as of October 2011) 2011 <http:\/\/www.guttmacher.org\/statecenter\/spibs\/spib_SMFPE.pdf> accessed Nov. 1 2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Women's preventive services: required health plan coverage guidelines August 2011 <http:\/\/www.hrsa.gov\/womensguidelines\/> accessed Sept. 8 2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2006.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2009.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","unstructured":"Oral Contraceptives Over\u2010the\u2010Counter Working Group State\u2010ment of purpose Apr. 27 2010 <http:\/\/ocsotc.org\/?page_id=5> accessed Sept. 1 2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.83.8.1094"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","volume-title":"Making Birth Control More Accessible to Women: A Cost\u2010Benefit Analysis of Over\u2010the\u2010Counter Oral Contraceptives","author":"Mead H","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.31.4.424"},{"issue":"7688","key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","first-page":"202","article-title":"Should the contraceptive pill be available without prescription?","volume":"338","author":"Grossman D","year":"2008","journal-title":"Yes, commentary, BMJ"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_5_19_2","first-page":"63","article-title":"Should oral contraceptives be sold over\u2010the\u2010counter?","volume":"53","author":"Grossman D","year":"2008","journal-title":"Yes, commentary, Contemporary Ob Gyn"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60721-7"},{"issue":"7688","key":"e_1_2_5_21_2","first-page":"202","article-title":"Should the contraceptive pill be available without prescription? 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