{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T06:08:43Z","timestamp":1774418923249,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Guttmacher Institute","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]],"date-time":"2023-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692316800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Perspect Sexual Reproductive"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Context<\/jats:title><jats:p>With abortion no longer deemed a constitutional right in the United States (US), the importance of effective contraceptive methods cannot be overstated. Both male sterilization (vasectomy) and female sterilization (tubal ligation) have the lowest failure rates of available means of contraception. Despite the less invasive and reversible nature of vasectomy compared to tubal ligation procedures and even though some healthcare professionals dissuade certain women, especially those who are white and\/or economically advantaged, from undergoing a sterilization procedure, female sterilization is approximately three times more prevalent than male sterilization in the US.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>We suggest that the discrepancy in sterilization rates is attributable to the burdens of pregnancy and birth experienced by women, beliefs that pregnancy prevention is a woman's responsibility, a dearth of sex education that results in lack of knowledge and poor understanding of contraception, perceptions of masculinity in which contraception is viewed as feminizing, and the increase in long\u2010term singlehood that shapes the desire of individuals to avoid unwanted pregnancy that may result in single parenting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent reports suggest that court rulings restricting abortion access and looming threats to contraceptive legality and accessibility may be prompting a national increase in male sterilization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1363\/psrh.12243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T19:58:58Z","timestamp":1692647938000},"page":"116-121","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Explaining sex discrepancies in sterilization rates in the United States: An evidence\u2010informed commentary"],"prefix":"10.1363","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9232-0591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K. Olivia","family":"Mock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Stony Brook University  Stony Brook New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Moyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Stony Brook University  Stony Brook New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7841-2422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marci","family":"Lobel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Stony Brook University  Stony Brook New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University  Stony Brook New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"259","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qje\/121.1.289"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/app.4.2.62"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2676350"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2009.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","volume-title":"For the First Time Ever, U.S. States Enacted More than 100 Abortion Restrictions in a Single Year","author":"Nash E","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","unstructured":"Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization. 597 213 (U.S. 2022)."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","first-page":"23","article-title":"Sterilization in the United States","volume":"1","author":"Bartz D","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rev Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2010.08.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11934\u2010015\u20100511\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2015.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003550"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jlb\/lsu002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000161595.82642.fc"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11158\u2010019\u201009439\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","volume-title":"Opinion: How Doctors Fail Women Who Don't Want Children","author":"Weissman A","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11113\u2010008\u20109082\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40985\u2010017\u20100060\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","volume-title":"Matters of Choice: Puerto Rican Women's Struggle for Reproductive Freedom","author":"Lopez I","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/medethics\u20102020\u2010106924"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2021.306186"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5278\/OJS.IJIS.V11I1.6577"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1313325"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2010.03.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02646838.2016.1169397"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102605.1990.tb01050.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9745\/GHSP\u2010D\u201016\u201000235"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2023.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","volume-title":"Why don't more American men get vasectomies?","author":"Caron C","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/J.1552\u2010146X.2011.TB00137.X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978\u20100\u201012\u2010397045\u20109.00164\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","volume-title":"Williams Obstetrics 26e","author":"Cunningham FG","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865\u2010019\u201000068\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","volume-title":"Pregnancy\u2010Related Deaths: Data from Maternal Mortality Review Committees in 36 US States, 2017\u20132019","author":"Trost S","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978\u2010018\u20100527\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26099\/8vem\u2010fc65"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6818e1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11199\u2010017\u20100841\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224499.2017.1311834"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1383\/wohm.2005.2.5.28"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0891243211416113"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_42_1","unstructured":"Burwell v. Hobby lobby stores Inc. 573 682 (U.S. 2014)."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2015.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_44_1","unstructured":"Contraceptive Use in the United States by Method. Guttmacher Institute; 2021. Accessed March 28 2022.https:\/\/www.guttmacher.org\/fact-sheet\/contraceptive-method-use-united-states"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2011.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2017.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xfre.2020.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_48_1","volume-title":"Despite Encouraging Research, A Male Birth Control Pill Remains Elusive","author":"Blum D","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2020.113547"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0024658"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16040621"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dem259"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0029826"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1557988312465888"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1557988320949368"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/men0000174"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1047840X.2014.878173"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_59_1","volume-title":"Happy singlehood: the rising Acceptance and Celebration of Solo Living","author":"Kislev E","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2673740"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2011.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2015.02.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1363\/psrh.12033"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2136106"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_65_1","volume-title":"Some States Already are Targeting Birth Control","author":"Ollove M","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_66_1","unstructured":"Republican Senator Blocks Bill to Codify Americans' Right to Contraception. The U.S. Senate Committee on Health Education Labor & Pensions; 2022.https:\/\/www.help.senate.gov\/chair\/newsroom\/press\/republican-senator-blocks-bill-to-codify-americans-right-to-contraception-"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1363\/psrh.12215"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_68_1","volume-title":"Snip Snip Hooray': Vasectomies among the Young and Childfree are Rising","author":"Gupta AH","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_69_1","volume-title":"Men Rush to Get Vasectomies after Roe Ruling","author":"Venkataramanan M","year":"2022"}],"container-title":["Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1363\/psrh.12243","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]],"date-time":"2023-09-15T07:21:43Z","timestamp":1694762503000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1363\/psrh.12243"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1363\/psrh.12243"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1363\/psrh.12243","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1538-6341","1931-2393"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1538-6341","type":"print"},{"value":"1931-2393","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-08-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}