{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]],"date-time":"2026-05-17T06:46:55Z","timestamp":1779000415218,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,12]],"date-time":"2021-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v1#VOR"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,12]],"date-time":"2021-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618185600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001409","name":"Department of Science and Technology,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tMinistry of Science and Technology, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SR\/WOS-A\/PM-66\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SR\/WOS-A\/PM-66\/2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001409","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Appl. Opt."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The superposition of spin and orbital angular momentum states of light\n\t\t\t\t\tgenerates polarization singularities. By perturbing and disintegrating\n\t\t\t\t\ttheir component orbital angular momentum (OAM) states, the\n\t\t\t\t\tpolarization singularity indices can be determined. The spatially\n\t\t\t\t\tvarying polarization distribution of these beams possesses information\n\t\t\t\t\tabout the helical wavefront structures of the component OAM states,\n\t\t\t\t\talthough they have plane wavefronts. The polarization singular beam\n\t\t\t\t\t(PSB) is focused using a tilted lens, and the intensity distribution\n\t\t\t\t\tat a predicted position in the direction of propagation is used to\n\t\t\t\t\tdetermine the component OAM content in the beam. Astigmatism\n\t\t\t\t\tintroduced by the tilt of the lens modulates the vortex beam to\n\t\t\t\t\tintroduce intensity nulls in the propagated beam. We demonstrate by\n\t\t\t\t\tsimulations and experiments the index determination of the V points\n\t\t\t\t\tand C points using a tilted lens. This method is effective in the\n\t\t\t\t\tindex determination of V points and C points formed by the\n\t\t\t\t\tsuperposition of component scalar vortices having opposite-sign\n\t\t\t\t\ttopological charges. The degeneracy of C points with the same Stokes\n\t\t\t\t\tindices can be lifted through this technique.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/ao.420554","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,24]],"date-time":"2021-03-24T19:00:06Z","timestamp":1616612406000},"page":"3266","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Polarization singularity index determination by using a tilted lens"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8798-4898","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Baby","family":"Komal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5691-2215","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"S.","family":"Deepa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1065-9883","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sunil","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1015-0710","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"P.","family":"Senthilkumaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ao-60-12-3266-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1080\/09500349214551151","volume":"39","author":"Khonina","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. 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