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Opt."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This study demonstrates the feasibility of a hybrid open-path optical\n\t\t\t\t\tcommunication and gas sensing system utilizing an 8\u00a0\u00b5m\n\t\t\t\t\tquantum-cascade laser (QCL). The system integrates hydrogen sulfide () detection with wireless optical\n\t\t\t\t\tcommunication, enabling real-time monitoring over large distances with\n\t\t\t\t\tminimal infrastructure. Spectral simulations based on HITRAN2020 were\n\t\t\t\t\tused to select an optimal wavelength () that ensures minimal interference\n\t\t\t\t\tfrom atmospheric  and H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    S while maintaining high sensitivity\n\t\t\t\t\tfor . Experimental validation confirmed\n\t\t\t\t\tthe system\u2019s independent capabilities for sensing and communication.\n\t\t\t\t\tUnder simultaneous operation, the system demonstrated robust\n\t\t\t\t\tperformance with an inverse relationship between bit error rate (BER)\n\t\t\t\t\tand gas sensing accuracy as  concentration varied. The\n\t\t\t\t\tintersection point of these performance metrics () highlights the system\u2019s operational\n\t\t\t\t\tfeasibility at relevant leak concentrations in oil and gas\n\t\t\t\t\tenvironments. This work lays the groundwork for advanced hybrid\n\t\t\t\t\tsystems applicable to industrial safety and environmental\n\t\t\t\t\tmonitoring.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/ao.559367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T13:00:21Z","timestamp":1744203621000},"page":"D114","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Integrated optical gas sensing and wireless communication in the mid-infrared"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Ali","family":"Elkhazraji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03yez3163","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Sait","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5296-2197","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aamir","family":"Farooq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ao-64-16-D114-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4367","DOI":"10.3390\/app9204367","volume":"9","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. 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