{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T14:38:59Z","timestamp":1787668739980,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"34","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62171100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62171100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Sichuan Science and Technology Program","award":["2024ZYD0153"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024ZYD0153"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Appl. Opt."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Many neurological disorders are associated with demyelination, leading to abnormalities in neural signal transmission. This study presents a loss\u2013amplification-radiation coupling model for the transmission mechanisms of terahertz and infrared signals in demyelinated axons with disruption and rupture. Demyelinated axons are treated as dielectric antennas, and the radiation characteristics at different degrees of demyelination are investigated through simulations in the frequency range of 55\u201375\u00a0THz. The results indicate that radial demyelination tends to increase radiation more significantly than axial demyelination. The directivity and radiation efficiency reach 18.76\u00a0dBi and \u22121.17dB for severe demyelination (\n                    <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\n                    &gt;0.5 and\n                    <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                    &gt;0.5), respectively. Ruptured myelin axons can maintain signal transmission within a certain distance of less than 15\u00a0\u00b5m in the simulation. These results are consistent with previous studies and may enhance the understanding of mid-infrared signal propagation mechanisms in nerves, as well as contribute to research on diseases associated with demyelination, such as multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer\u2019s disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/ao.574928","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T15:00:11Z","timestamp":1762786811000},"page":"10380","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Loss\u2013amplification-radiation coupling model of the mid-infrared signal propagating in demyelinated axons"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5018-6378","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhiyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04qr3zq92","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xialian","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04qr3zq92","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingjian","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04qr3zq92","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weijie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southwest Jiaotong University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3616-7315","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04qr3zq92","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3979-754X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Guoxiang","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04qr3zq92","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ao-64-34-10380-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1952.sp004764","type":"journal-article","volume":"117","author":"Hodgkin","year":"1952","journal-title":"J. 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All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}