{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T15:07:21Z","timestamp":1778684841051,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"31","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761609600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FRF-TP-25-043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRF-TP-25-043"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Appl. Opt."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The reflective mirror coating materials of free electron laser devices are prone to damage under extreme irradiation conditions, which seriously restrict the operation efficiency and lifespan of the devices. Therefore, clarifying the damage mechanism under specific conditions is beneficial for the selection and design of incident parameters. Based on the two-temperature model and molecular dynamics simulation method, it investigates the damage dynamic behavior of Pt as a reflective mirror film material under X-ray free electron laser femtosecond pulse irradiation, especially the phase explosion damage at supra-threshold energy density. The research has found that at low energy density, the rupture of the film layer begins with the surface atoms, which is driven by stress waves and leads to macroscopic fracture. At high energy density, the accumulation of energy within the film layer triggers an explosive transformation from a gas\u2013liquid mixture to a phase explosion. It reveals the complexity of film damage under extreme conditions, providing a theoretical basis for the process optimization of high-energy irradiation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/ao.578731","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T14:00:07Z","timestamp":1760018407000},"page":"9467","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Damage dynamics simulations of Pt film irradiation by XFEL femtosecond pulses"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Tingting","family":"Sui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fengya","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Ju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1038\/187493a0","type":"journal-article","volume":"187","author":"Maiman","year":"1960","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1900","DOI":"10.1109\/TPS.2018.2827301","type":"journal-article","volume":"46","author":"Carlsten","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"021701","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5055208","type":"journal-article","volume":"90","author":"Vannoni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Instrum."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116905","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2025.116905","type":"journal-article","volume":"248","author":"Ren","year":"2025","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.3390\/app7060592","type":"journal-article","volume":"7","author":"Tschentscher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlaseng.2018.10.010","type":"journal-article","volume":"114","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Opt. Laser Eng."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optcom.2023.130110","type":"journal-article","volume":"554","author":"Xing","year":"2024","journal-title":"Opt. Commun."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115607","DOI":"10.1088\/2040-8986\/ad75a3","type":"journal-article","volume":"26","author":"Ye","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Opt."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1017\/S0263034617000738","type":"journal-article","volume":"35","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Laser Particle Beams"},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"051801","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4950723","type":"journal-article","volume":"87","author":"Koyama","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Instrum."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2010.239","type":"journal-article","volume":"4","author":"McNeil","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Photonics"},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241905","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4922380","type":"journal-article","volume":"106","author":"Aquila","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1134\/S1054660X07100064","type":"journal-article","volume":"17","author":"Bidin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Laser Phys."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/S0921-5093(00)01204-1","type":"journal-article","volume":"294","author":"Nicula","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. A"},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e18781","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e18781","type":"journal-article","volume":"9","author":"Bashir","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2800","DOI":"10.1007\/s11665-024-09296-8","type":"journal-article","volume":"34","author":"Fan","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Mater. Eng. Performance"},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1515\/aot-2019-0064","type":"journal-article","volume":"9","author":"Genieys","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Opt. Technol."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2008.07.199","type":"journal-article","volume":"255","author":"Povarnitsyn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3507095","type":"journal-article","volume":"1278","author":"Demaske","year":"2010","journal-title":"AIP Conf. Proc."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4739912","type":"journal-article","volume":"1464","author":"Inogamov","year":"2012","journal-title":"AIP Conf. Proc."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146952","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2020.146952","type":"journal-article","volume":"528","author":"Milov","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19665","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.26.019665","type":"journal-article","volume":"26","author":"Milov","year":"2018","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160022","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2024.160022","type":"journal-article","volume":"661","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R24","first-page":"776","type":"journal-article","volume":"66","author":"Anisimov","year":"1974","journal-title":"Sov. J. Exp. Theor. Phys."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165430","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.76.165430","type":"journal-article","volume":"76","author":"Yang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1088\/0022-3727\/37\/4\/016","type":"journal-article","volume":"37","author":"Nedialkov","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Phys. D"},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlastec.2022.109001","type":"journal-article","volume":"159","author":"Song","year":"2023","journal-title":"Opt. Laser Technol."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214107","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.78.214107","type":"journal-article","volume":"78","author":"Chan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0104(99)00330-4","type":"journal-article","volume":"251","author":"Hohlfeld","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chem. Phys."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.61.1101","type":"journal-article","volume":"61","author":"Bonn","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1007\/s00339-017-0771-2","type":"journal-article","volume":"123","author":"Takami","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. A"},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1007\/s00339-011-6573-z","type":"journal-article","volume":"105","author":"Gan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. A"},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/9781315380476","volume-title":"CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics","author":"Haynes","year":"2016"},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"075133","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.77.075133","type":"journal-article","volume":"77","author":"Lin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8166","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.35.8166","type":"journal-article","volume":"35","author":"Driel","year":"1987","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5513","DOI":"10.1063\/1.327469","type":"journal-article","volume":"51","author":"Meyer","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4376","DOI":"10.1063\/1.333007","type":"journal-article","volume":"55","author":"Agassi","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"023401","DOI":"10.3788\/COL202321.023401","type":"journal-article","volume":"21","author":"Cao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin. Opt. Lett."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8699","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.4c08788","type":"journal-article","volume":"129","author":"Ren","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"064302","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.102.064302","type":"journal-article","volume":"102","author":"Medvedev","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"064113","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.82.064113","type":"journal-article","volume":"82","author":"Demaske","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2022.118281","type":"journal-article","volume":"239","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Materialia"},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1007\/s00339-016-0491-z","type":"journal-article","volume":"122","author":"Yahiaoui","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. A"},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103304","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3131689","type":"journal-article","volume":"105","author":"Gragossian","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"013003","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.97.013003","type":"journal-article","volume":"97","author":"Esry","year":"2006","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"036405","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.68.036405","type":"journal-article","volume":"68","author":"Wang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E"},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scriptamat.2022.114648","type":"journal-article","volume":"214","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Scr. Mater."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12775","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-69604-9","type":"journal-article","volume":"10","author":"Medvedev","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ao-64-31-9467-R49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6728","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5b01965","type":"journal-article","volume":"9","author":"Hu","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACS Nano"}],"container-title":["Applied Optics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/viewmedia.cfm?URI=ao-64-31-9467&seq=0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T14:07:20Z","timestamp":1778681240000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/abstract.cfm?URI=ao-64-31-9467"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"31","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/ao.578731","relation":{},"ISSN":["1559-128X","2155-3165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1559-128X","type":"print"},{"value":"2155-3165","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Optica Publishing Group","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/AO.578731","name":"articlelink","label":"Crossref DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"research-article","name":"content_type","label":"Article type"},{"value":"Screened by Similarity Check","name":"cross_check","label":"Similarity check"},{"value":"Yes","order":0,"name":"peer_reviewed","label":"Peer reviewed","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review process","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"10 September 2025","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"8 October 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"28 October 2025","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}