{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T15:42:50Z","timestamp":1785426170387,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,3,19]],"date-time":"2027-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1805414400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#AM"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773878400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000006","name":"Office of Naval Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["N00014-20-1-2260"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N00014-20-1-2260"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000006","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"},{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00rk2pe57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Appl. Opt."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Range-selective digital holography (RSDH) is a coherent imaging\n\t\t\t\t\ttechnique that enables the reconstruction of digital holograms at\n\t\t\t\t\ttunable distances while suppressing the contributions from objects at\n\t\t\t\t\tother ranges. This selectivity is achieved by combining digital\n\t\t\t\t\tholography with frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) signals\n\t\t\t\t\tcommonly found in lidar to produce a temporally modulated interference\n\t\t\t\t\tpattern. By tuning the local-oscillator frequency according to the\n\t\t\t\t\tobject distance, a temporally stable hologram is formed at the desired\n\t\t\t\t\trange, which can then be recorded on a sensor array. The resulting\n\t\t\t\t\trange resolution can be substantially finer than the\n\t\t\t\t\tnon-diffraction-limited depth of field. However, holographic systems\n\t\t\t\t\tare inherently sensitive to object motion and vibration, which\n\t\t\t\t\tintroduce phase variations that can degrade the quality of the\n\t\t\t\t\thologram. In particular, radial motion exceeding half the optical\n\t\t\t\t\twavelength during the sensor integration time can induce phase shifts\n\t\t\t\t\tthat lead to signal washout, requiring the use of short integration\n\t\t\t\t\ttimes that degrade the image signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We\n\t\t\t\t\tdemonstrate an FMCW lidar-enabled stabilization system that preserves\n\t\t\t\t\thigh-fidelity holographic reconstructions outdoors at distances up to\n\t\t\t\t\t90\u00a0m, with long integration times and significantly higher SNR,\n\t\t\t\t\teven when the object displacement exceeds 18 optical wavelengths\n\t\t\t\t\tduring integration. The developed RSDH architecture enables a\n\t\t\t\t\ttheoretical holographic imaging range window of multiple kilometers\n\t\t\t\t\twhile providing stabilization over a similarly broad range of object\n\t\t\t\t\tdistances.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/ao.586524","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T15:00:10Z","timestamp":1772204410000},"page":"D79","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["FMCW lidar-enabled stabilization for range-selective digital holographic imaging of vibrating objects"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Cole","family":"Hammond","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Montana State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zachery","family":"Lakin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Montana State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. Krishna","family":"Mohan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Montana State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wm Randall","family":"Babbitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Montana State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ao-65-10-D79-R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139061346","volume-title":"Introduction to Modern Digital\n\t\t\t\t\tHolography: With Matlab","author":"Poon","year":"2014"},{"key":"ao-65-10-D79-R2","volume-title":"Introduction to Fourier\n\t\t\t\t\tOptics","author":"Goodman","year":"2017"},{"key":"ao-65-10-D79-R3","first-page":"166","article-title":"Range Doppler detection for\n\t\t\t\t\tautomotive FMCW radars","volume-title":"European Radar\n\t\t\t\t\tConference","author":"Winkler","year":"2007"},{"key":"ao-65-10-D79-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1109\/MPOT.2019.2935266","type":"journal-article","volume":"39","author":"Crouch","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Potentials"},{"key":"ao-65-10-D79-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"B255","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.444850","type":"journal-article","volume":"61","author":"Goodman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl.\n\t\t\t\t\tOpt."},{"key":"ao-65-10-D79-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D157","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.478525","type":"journal-article","volume":"62","author":"Hammond","year":"2023","journal-title":"Appl. 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All rights, including\n\t\t\t\t\tfor text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training,\n\t\t\t\t\tand similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}