{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T18:07:31Z","timestamp":1785434851174,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773878400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR-OA"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773878400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of\n\t\t\t\t\t\tChina","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["U2341286"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2341286"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"},{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&D Program of\n\t\t\t\t\t\tChina","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2022YFB3705800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFB3705800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Jiangsu Province Frontier Technology\n\t\t\t\t\t\tResearch and Development Project","award":["BE2023043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BE2023043"]}]},{"name":"Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory Funding\n\t\t\t\t\t\tProject","award":["BM2014006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BM2014006"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Appl. Opt."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Existing manufacturing processes for corner cube retro-reflectors\n\t\t\t\t\t(CCRs) suffer from several limitations, including the inability to\n\t\t\t\t\tprecisely control the dihedral angle offset (DAO), low processing\n\t\t\t\t\tefficiency, and low production yield. To overcome these challenges,\n\t\t\t\t\tthis paper proposes a high-efficiency, high-precision, and\n\t\t\t\t\tquality-assured manufacturing process for spaceborne CCRs with clear\n\t\t\t\t\tapertures ranging from 8 to 175\u00a0mm. First, a dedicated fixture\n\t\t\t\t\tfor spaceborne CCR manufacturing was developed. During the\n\t\t\t\t\tmilling\u2013grinding forming, rough grinding, fine grinding, and rough\n\t\t\t\t\tpolishing operations, disk-type batch processing of the CCRs was\n\t\t\t\t\tachieved by successively flipping the fixture. Subsequently, a\n\t\t\t\t\tcounterweight separator process was introduced in the fine polishing\n\t\t\t\t\tstage to achieve precise control of the DAO of the spaceborne CCRs.\n\t\t\t\t\tFour typical finite element models of CCR\u2013counterweight assemblies\n\t\t\t\t\twere established to simulate the stress and strain distributions on\n\t\t\t\t\tthe polishing surfaces, thereby providing a theoretical basis for\n\t\t\t\t\tpractical manufacturing. After manufacturing, the DAO and beam\n\t\t\t\t\tparallelism deviation of the CCRs were inspected using an\n\t\t\t\t\tadjustable-focus autocollimator and a ZYGO interferometer. The results\n\t\t\t\t\tdemonstrate that the DAO of the spaceborne CCRs manufactured using the\n\t\t\t\t\tproposed process can be controlled within \u00b10.1\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>\u2032<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:italic>\u2032<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    (arcseconds). The product\n\t\t\t\t\tqualification rate increased from approximately 30% with the existing\n\t\t\t\t\tprocesses to 100%. The manufactured CCRs have been successfully\n\t\t\t\t\tdeployed in multiple on-orbit satellite laser reflector arrays,\n\t\t\t\t\tproviding an effective technical approach for the batch manufacturing\n\t\t\t\t\tof high-precision spaceborne CCRs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/ao.588070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T15:00:10Z","timestamp":1772463610000},"page":"3164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Manufacturing and application of high-precision corner cube retro-reflectors using a counterweight separator process"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Qingshan","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Disaster Prevention"},{"name":"Hebei Key Laboratory of Seismic Disaster Instrument and Monitoring Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Disaster Prevention"},{"name":"Hebei Key Laboratory of Seismic Disaster Instrument and Monitoring Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yurui","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xingtai University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6661-1420","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyan","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Disaster Prevention"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunsheng","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Disaster Prevention"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ao-65-10-3164-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5648017","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2024.3491099","type":"journal-article","volume":"62","author":"Song","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote\n\t\t\t\t\tSens."},{"key":"ao-65-10-3164-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-55777-8","type":"journal-article","volume":"16","author":"Steindorfer","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ao-65-10-3164-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s00190-023-01777-3","type":"journal-article","volume":"97","author":"Zajdel","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Geod."},{"key":"ao-65-10-3164-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asr.2024.01.012","type":"journal-article","volume":"73","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv.\n\t\t\t\t\tSpace Res"},{"key":"ao-65-10-3164-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2553","DOI":"10.1007\/s00190-019-01315-0","type":"journal-article","volume":"93","author":"Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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