{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T21:06:35Z","timestamp":1791839195016,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773964800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Appl. Opt."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This work presents the optimization of a slot-assisted dual-core-based plasmonic switch (SADCPS), where a polymer cladding is employed to strengthen optical confinement in the narrow slot separating the silicon waveguides. Owing to its low propagation loss, the device demonstrates enhanced extinction ratio (ER) and figure-of-merit (FOM) performance. The tailored geometry confines the optical field efficiently within the slot between the two silicon rails, supported by surrounding indium\u2013tin\u2013oxide (ITO) and graphene layers. At an operating wavelength of 1.55\u00a0\u00b5m, the SADCPS exhibits an ER of 30.13\u00a0dB\/\u00b5m, while the graphene-based configuration achieves 21.57\u00a0dB\/\u00b5m. The associated insertion losses (ILs) are 0.043 and 0.063\u00a0dB\/\u00b5m, respectively. The maximum modulation speed reaches 3\u00a0THz for the SADCPS and 2\u00a0THz for the graphene-integrated design. Moreover, the 3\u00a0THz modulation rate is realized with a low energy consumption of 1.11\u00a0fJ\/bit. This enhancement in performance is primarily attributed to systematic optimization of the geometrical and structural parameters of the SADCPS. Additionally, the effect of doubling the device length is also evaluated at the same operating wavelength, demonstrating that both configurations remain highly suitable for integration into next-generation photonic integrated circuit (PIC) platforms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/ao.588314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T13:00:09Z","timestamp":1772802009000},"page":"3193","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Performance optimization of a polymer-embedded dual-core slot-assisted plasmonic switch for PICs"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Himanshu Ranjan","family":"Das","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Haldia Institute of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2056-6875","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Haraprasad","family":"Mondal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/045kfbt16","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kumar Sekhar","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2286-266X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mohammad Javad","family":"Maleki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ao-65-10-3193-R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119827603.ch3","article-title":"Evolution of next generation networks and its contribution towards industry 5.0","volume-title":"Resource Management in Advanced Wireless Networks","author":"Kiruthiga Devi","year":"2025"},{"key":"ao-65-10-3193-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2017.2767608","type":"journal-article","volume":"5","author":"Pan","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ao-65-10-3193-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.3390\/nano10081555","type":"journal-article","volume":"10","author":"Radamson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"ao-65-10-3193-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"050602","DOI":"10.3788\/COL201412.050602","type":"journal-article","volume":"12","author":"Rashed","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chin. 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All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}