{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T20:05:39Z","timestamp":1785528339192,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Appl. Opt."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The performance of two types of optical beams in anisotropic turbulence is compared with respect to elliptical distortion, power retention, and beam broadening. The considered beams are the conventional Gaussian beam and the Laguerre\u2013Gaussian (LG) beam with azimuthal mode indices (l=1) and (l=2). The comparison of elliptical distortion is conducted to evaluate each beam\u2019s ability to preserve its symmetric irradiance profile. The comparison of power confinement and broadening is performed to determine which beam remains more focused. This study was made possible by analytical solutions previously developed for each beam type and reported in two previously published papers. The analysis was carried out using two analytical approaches, the perturbation method and the extended Huygens\u2013Fresnel principle, as well as a computational method: wave optics simulations. The obtained results suggest that the higher-order LG beam tends to remain more symmetric and confined, and that its amplitude and phase structure effectively contributes to this confinement. Following the higher-order mode, the lower-order LG beam also demonstrates better performance than the Gaussian beam. However, the degree of superiority depends on the analysis method employed. The power-law exponent is shown to significantly influence the predicted results. Depending on its value, the results obtained using different approaches may align or diverge. Furthermore, the effect of anisotropy exhibits saturation behavior, such that beyond a certain level of anisotropy, further increases produce only minimal additional changes in the beam shape.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/ao.601337","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T19:00:10Z","timestamp":1782932410000},"page":"7711","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of Gaussian and Laguerre\u2013Gaussian beams propagating through anisotropic non-Kolmogorov atmospheric turbulence"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Elaheh","family":"Adams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Dayton"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9196-5179","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Miranda","family":"van Iersel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Mexico State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ao-65-23-7711-R1","volume-title":"Optical Communication: Its History and Recent Progress","author":"Agrawal","year":"2016"},{"key":"ao-65-23-7711-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2021.103311","type":"journal-article","volume":"200","author":"Jahid","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}