{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T21:04:36Z","timestamp":1790111076708,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"28","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2023YFC2414700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC2414700"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["12274156"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12274156"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality","award":["JCYJ20250604191014019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20250604191014019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Appl. Opt."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Large-angle scattered light propagation in non-rotationally symmetric optical systems is difficult to simulate because a wide angular spectrum can impose conflicting requirements on spatial sampling and computational-window size. We propose a sectorized angular domain synthesis method (SASM) to address this problem. The target scattering angular domain is determined by downstream aperture acceptance and divided into overlapping local sectors using partition-of-unity weighting to preserve the prescribed angular power distribution. In each sector, the large deflection carrier is removed, the residual field is propagated as a slowly varying envelope in a moving window, and the carrier is restored after registration on a common image plane grid. Sector fields are coherently synthesized within each random-phase realization, followed by Monte Carlo ensemble averaging. The method is evaluated in a tilted two-mirror system under the first-order scattering approximation. Partition-of-unity consistency tests show that the BSDF-weighted sector allocation is independent of the sector number and the overlap ratio within numerical precision. Comparison with an independent direct full-field calculation gives a relative two-dimensional intensity error of 0.849% and an intensity correlation coefficient of 0.999964. Additional sampling tests demonstrate that sectorization suppresses propagation-induced spatial truncation and enables accurate calculation when a single local angular representation exceeds the Nyquist limit. Monte Carlo convergence further confirms a stable ensemble-averaged power estimate. These results demonstrate the numerical reliability of SASM for large-angle scattered light propagation in non-rotationally symmetric optical systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/ao.606779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T11:00:07Z","timestamp":1788433207000},"page":"9656","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Simulation of large-angle scattered light propagation in non-rotationally symmetric optical systems"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6704-8573","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lujia","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00p991c53","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9292-0741","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hao","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00p991c53","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9012-1652","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yan","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00p991c53","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5129-7770","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Donglin","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00p991c53","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ao-65-28-9656-R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1117\/3.203079","volume-title":"Optical Scattering : Measurement and Analysis","author":"Stover","year":"1995"},{"key":"ao-65-28-9656-R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1117\/3.1000980","volume-title":"Stray Light Analysis and Control","author":"Fest","year":"2013"},{"key":"ao-65-28-9656-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"013402","DOI":"10.1117\/1.OE.51.1.013402","type":"journal-article","volume":"51","author":"Harvey","year":"2012","journal-title":"Opt. 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All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}