{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T18:54:39Z","timestamp":1791226479535,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"29","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Appl. Opt."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    We present a simplified method for isolating the edges of a phase object from the edges of an amplitude object using a 4\n                    <jats:italic>f<\/jats:italic>\n                    system with an off-axis q-plate. Instead of the four off-axis shifts of the q-plate required in previous work, we need only two shifts (along \u00b1\n                    <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) combined with linear polarizers at 45\u00b0 and 135\u00b0. The number of required mechanical q-plate displacement directions is reduced from four to two. We derive the theoretical basis, showing that the resulting intensity corresponds to the phase gradient squared, with amplitude-object contributions eliminated. Experiments on two phase\u2013amplitude object samples demonstrate amplitude-edge reduction of up to 97.6% and correlation coefficients of up to 0.80 (sample 1) and 0.75 (sample 2). In overlapping regions, the phase edge is partially recovered; full recovery would require additional processing such as inverse filtering. This research is useful for biological imaging applications where fast and simple phase-edge isolation is desired.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/ao.608559","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T12:00:09Z","timestamp":1789646409000},"page":"10178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Phase-edge imaging using q-plate shifts for faster and simpler microscopy"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4358-1477","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jigme","family":"Zangpo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01t3wyv61","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6042-3940","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hirokazu","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5377-637X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ryo","family":"Yasuhara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01t3wyv61","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Kochi University of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ao-65-29-10178-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-8914(42)80079-8","type":"journal-article","volume":"9","author":"Zernike","year":"1942","journal-title":"Physica"},{"key":"ao-65-29-10178-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-2720.2004.01293.x","type":"journal-article","volume":"214","author":"Arnison","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. 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All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}