{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T17:49:22Z","timestamp":1740160162363,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,29]],"date-time":"2021-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635465600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v1#VOR-OA"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,29]],"date-time":"2021-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61771326","61827809"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61771326","61827809"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Project of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education","award":["KM202010025026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KM202010025026"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomed. Opt. Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy is effective for reducing the severity level of diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, it is difficult to determine the <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> spatial and temporal expression of VEGF in the DR retina at an early stage. Here, we report a quantitatively fluorescence molecular imaging and image analysis method by creating a VEGF targeted fluorescence imaging probe, which can potentially detect and predict anti-VEGF treatment response. Moreover, the ex vivo multiscale fluorescence imaging demonstrated the spatial correlation between VEGF relative expression and vascular abnormalities in two and three dimensions. It revealed that VEGF was mainly abnormally expressed at the bifurcation of the microvessels, which advances the knowledge of the DR progression by molecular fluorescence imaging. Our study has the potential to achieve early detection of DR disease, provide more insight into understanding anti-VEGF treatment, and may help stratify patients based on the molecular imaging of retinal VEGF.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/boe.439446","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,25]],"date-time":"2021-10-25T09:30:05Z","timestamp":1635154205000},"page":"7185","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["In vivo fluorescence molecular imaging of the vascular endothelial growth factor in rats with early diabetic retinopathy"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2591-0022","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Capital Medical University"},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunhe","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Capital Medical University"},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinjian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Soochow University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7873-9778","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dehui","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Soochow University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Soochow University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanyun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Capital Medical University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shenshen","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Capital Medical University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Capital Medical University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0498-0432","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jie","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sobha","family":"Sivaprasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7832-641X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Capital Medical University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bei","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Capital Medical University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-2338","volume":"39","author":"Dagenais","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.168118","volume":"310","author":"Xu","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-1909","volume":"35","author":"Yau","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.2337\/cd20-as01","volume":"38","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Diabetes"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.2010.0075","volume":"107","author":"Kollias","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.12696","volume":"44","author":"Ting","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i1450","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i1450","volume":"352","author":"Hippisley","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.02.022","volume":"123","author":"Wells","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-010-1315-z","volume":"248","author":"Nicholson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mod.2019.103579","volume":"160","author":"Ribatti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mechanisms of Development"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.2174\/1874364101307010004","volume":"7","author":"Gupta","year":"2013","journal-title":"TOOPHTJ"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.08.039","volume":"146","author":"Potente","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-018-0701-x","volume":"18","author":"Brogan","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol."},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s40662-020-00195-2","volume":"7","author":"Sorour","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eye and Vis."},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1636","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2014-305252","volume":"98","author":"Avery","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2020.02.003","volume":"4","author":"Pearce","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ophthalmology Retina"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R17","first-page":"239","volume":"6","author":"Aldebasi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med."},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9216791","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/9216791","volume":"2018","author":"Lv","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Diabetes Research"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000369","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjophth-2019-000369","volume":"4","author":"Faatz","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open Ophth."},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.03.021","volume":"121","author":"Campochiaro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2357","DOI":"10.1039\/C4LC01052C","volume":"15","author":"Hsu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e318164a907","volume":"28","author":"Schmitz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s40942-015-0005-8","volume":"1","author":"Carlo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Retina Vitreous"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2019.02.004","volume":"64","author":"Kornblau","year":"2019","journal-title":"Survey of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2016.246","volume":"31","author":"Al Kahtani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13352","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0405479101","volume":"101","author":"Cordeiro","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-18118","volume":"57","author":"Meyer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3310\/hta19510","volume":"19","author":"Royle","year":"2015","journal-title":"Health Technol. Assess."},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38445","DOI":"10.1038\/srep38445","volume":"6","author":"Arima","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3942","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.14-251934","volume":"28","author":"Sun","year":"2014","journal-title":"FASEB j."},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/0471141755.ph0547s70","volume":"70","author":"Furman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Current Protocols in Pharmacology"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2003.10.008","volume":"37","author":"Sahoo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.2174\/1573399811666150615151324","volume":"17","author":"Campa","year":"2016","journal-title":"CDT"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s10456-011-9249-6","volume":"15","author":"Papadopoulos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Angiogenesis"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200767080-00007","volume":"67","author":"Blick","year":"2007","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-73259-4_6","volume":"181","author":"Lien","year":"2008","journal-title":"Handb. Exp. Pharmacol."},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics11080365","volume":"11","author":"Garc\u00eda","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001493","volume":"37","author":"Avery","year":"2017","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.1.05647","volume":"183","author":"Cha","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2012.1611","volume":"130","author":"Sohn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9401628","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/9401628","volume":"2019","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Disease Markers"},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.56.4.3","volume":"56","author":"Hoeben","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"boe-12-11-7185-R43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcb.2018.11.005","volume":"98","author":"Stefano","year":"2019","journal-title":"European Journal of Cell Biology"}],"container-title":["Biomedical Optics Express"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/viewmedia.cfm?URI=boe-12-11-7185&seq=0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T19:29:19Z","timestamp":1722972559000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/abstract.cfm?URI=boe-12-11-7185"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,29]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/boe.439446","relation":{},"ISSN":["2156-7085","2156-7085"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2156-7085"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2156-7085"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Optica Publishing Group","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/BOE.439446","name":"articlelink","label":"Crossref DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"research-article","name":"content_type","label":"Article type"},{"value":"Screened by Similarity Check","name":"cross_check","label":"Similarity check"},{"value":"Yes","order":0,"name":"peer_reviewed","label":"Peer reviewed","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review process","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"11 August 2021","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"20 October 2021","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"29 October 2021","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}