{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T06:14:44Z","timestamp":1777356884487,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v1#VOR-OA"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638748800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012236","name":"Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012236","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomed. Opt. Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We report on the development of a unique real-time calibrating polarization-sensitive diffuse reflectance (rcPS-DR) handheld probe, and demonstrate its diagnostic potential through in-depth characterization and differentiation of clinically relevant anatomical locations of the oral cavity (i.e., alveolar process, lateral tongue and floor of mouth that account for 80% of all cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma) <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. With an embedded calibrating polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) optical diffuser, the PS-DR spectra bias arising from instrument response, time-dependent intensity fluctuation and fiber bending is calibrated through real-time measurement of the PS-DR system response function. A total of 554 <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> rcPS-DR spectra were acquired from different oral tissue sites (alveolar process, n\u2009=\u2009226, lateral tongue, n\u2009=\u2009150 and floor of mouth, n\u2009=\u2009178) of 14 normal subjects. Significantly (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05, unpaired 2-sided Student\u2019s t-test) different spectral ratio (<jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>540<\/jats:sub>\/<jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>575<\/jats:sub>) representing oxygenated hemoglobin contents were found among the alveolar process, lateral tongue and floor of mouth. Further partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and leave-one-out, cross validation (LOOCV) show that, synergizing the complementary information of the two real-time calibrated orthogonal-polarized PS-DR spectra, the rcPS-DR technique is found to better differentiate alveolar process, lateral tongue, and the floor of mouth (accuracies of 88.2%, 83.9%, 84.4%, sensitivities of 80.5%, 75.8%, 78% and specificities of 93.5%, 87.7%, 86.8%) than standard DR (accuracies of 80.8%, 72.9%, 68.5%, sensitivities of 63.2%, 41.5%, 81.3% and specificities of 92.9%, 87.7%, 63.8%) without PS detection. This work showed the feasibility of the rcPS-DR probe as a tool for studying oral cavity lesions in real clinical applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/boe.443652","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T17:29:24Z","timestamp":1638293364000},"page":"105","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Real-time calibrating polarization-sensitive diffuse reflectance handheld probe characterizes clinically relevant anatomical locations of oral tissue in vivo"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3358-181X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jianfeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijingy Institute of Technology"},{"name":"Beijing Institute of Technology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"boe-13-1-105-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA A Cancer J Clin."},{"key":"boe-13-1-105-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1593\/neo.81396","volume":"11","author":"Tiziani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"key":"boe-13-1-105-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.12659\/PJR.900892","volume":"82","author":"Pa\u0142asz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pol J Radiol"},{"key":"boe-13-1-105-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2017.12.007","volume":"77","author":"Klein Nulent","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oral Oncol."},{"key":"boe-13-1-105-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.3.001632","volume":"3","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biomed. 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