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Opt. Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) is an optical modality that provides three-dimensional (3D) images of the skin at cellular resolution. Confocal Raman microspectroscopy (CRM) is a label-free optical technique that can provide point measurement of the molecular content of the skin. This work presents a method to co-localize LC-OCT and CRM acquisitions for morpho-molecular analysis of<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ex vivo<\/jats:italic>skin tissues at cellular level. The co-localization method allows acquisition of Raman spectra at specific locations in a sample identified from a 3D LC-OCT image, with an accuracy of \u00b1 20 \u00b5m. The method was applied to the characterization of tattooed skin biopsies with adverse tattoo reactions. LC-OCT images allowed to target specific regions in the biopsies where the presence of tattoo ink was revealed by detection of the Raman signature of ink pigments. Micrometer-sized foreign bodies of various materials as well as inflammatory cells were also identified within the biopsies. From these results, we demonstrate the value of the LC-OCT-CRM co-localization method and its potential for future<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ex vivo<\/jats:italic>analysis of suspicious skin lesions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/boe.450993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]],"date-time":"2022-03-07T15:30:07Z","timestamp":1646667007000},"page":"2467","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Co-localized line-field confocal optical coherence tomography and confocal Raman microspectroscopy for three-dimensional high-resolution morphological and molecular characterization of skin tissues ex vivo"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"L\u00e9na","family":"Waszczuk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut d\u2019Optique Graduate School"},{"name":"DAMAE Medical"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9159-4531","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jonas","family":"Ogien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DAMAE Medical"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Luc","family":"Perrot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Saint-Etienne"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnaud","family":"Dubois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut d\u2019Optique Graduate School"},{"name":"DAMAE Medical"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"boe-13-4-2467-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.23.10.106007","volume":"23","author":"Dubois","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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