{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T00:04:56Z","timestamp":1787616296598,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]],"date-time":"2023-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701129600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR-OA"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]],"date-time":"2023-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701129600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006087","name":"Direcci\u00f3n General de Asuntos del Personal Acad\u00e9mico, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IN113422"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN113422"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006087","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006087","name":"Direcci\u00f3n General de Asuntos del Personal Acad\u00e9mico, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IN111919"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN111919"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006087","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004063","name":"Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019.0079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019.0079"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004063","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019180","name":"HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101001267"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101001267"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019180","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010663","name":"H2020 European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["677511"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["677511"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomed. Opt. Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Optical tweezers (OT) have become an essential technique in several fields of physics, chemistry, and biology as precise micromanipulation tools and microscopic force transducers. Quantitative measurements require the accurate calibration of the trap stiffness of the optical trap and the diffusion constant of the optically trapped particle. This is typically done by statistical estimators constructed from the position signal of the particle, which is recorded by a digital camera or a quadrant photodiode. The finite integration time and sampling frequency of the detector need to be properly taken into account. Here, we present a general approach based on the joint probability density function of the sampled trajectory that corrects exactly the biases due to the detector\u2019s finite integration time and limited sampling frequency, providing theoretical formulas for the most widely employed calibration methods: equipartition, mean squared displacement, autocorrelation, power spectral density, and force reconstruction via maximum-likelihood-estimator analysis (FORMA). Our results, tested with experiments and Monte Carlo simulations, will permit users of OT to confidently estimate the trap stiffness and diffusion constant, extending their use to a broader set of experimental conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/boe.495468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,18]],"date-time":"2023-09-18T10:00:16Z","timestamp":1695031216000},"page":"6442","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Optimal calibration of optical tweezers with arbitrary integration time and sampling frequencies: a general framework [Invited]"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"P\u00e9rez-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Gothenburg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Selin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Gothenburg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Ciarlo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Gothenburg"},{"name":"University of Naples Federico II"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1247-2702","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Magazz\u00f9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Gothenburg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Pesce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Gothenburg"},{"name":"University of Naples Federico II"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Sasso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Naples Federico II"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5057-1846","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Volpe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Gothenburg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7622-9440","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Isaac","family":"P\u00e9rez Castillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4860-6330","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alejandro V.","family":"Arzola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01tmp8f25","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"boe-14-12-6442-R1","author":"Jones","year":"2015"},{"key":"boe-14-12-6442-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1364\/AOP.394888","volume":"13","author":"Gieseler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. 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