{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T15:19:00Z","timestamp":1785424740242,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR-OA"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695600000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020595","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSTC 112-2327-B-006-008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 112-2327-B-006-008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004844","name":"National Cheng Kung University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NCKUH-11008016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NCKUH-11008016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004844","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004844","name":"National Cheng Kung University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NCKUH-11108003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NCKUH-11108003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004844","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomed. Opt. Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Accurate measurement of bilirubin concentration in adults is crucial for the diagnosis and management of liver and biliary tract diseases. Traditional methods relying on central laboratory testing pose challenges such as invasiveness, patient discomfort, and time consumption. Non-invasive alternatives have been explored, but their applicability to adult populations remains uncertain. This study aimed to develop and validate a portable non-invasive optical system based on spatially resolved diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) specifically tailored for adult transcutaneous bilirubin measurement. Forty-two adult patients with various underlying conditions were included in the study. Comparisons between transcutaneous bilirubin values measured by the DRS system and total serum bilirubin concentrations obtained through blood tests revealed strong correlations, particularly at the neck (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.872) and the medial side of the right upper arm (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.940). Bland-Altman analyses demonstrated substantial agreement between the transcutaneous bilirubin values and total serum bilirubin concentrations. The results highlight the potential of the non-invasive DRS system as a convenient and reliable tool for monitoring bilirubin values in adults.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/boe.500833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T12:55:34Z","timestamp":1695646534000},"page":"5405","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Noninvasive transcutaneous bilirubin measurement in adults using skin diffuse reflectance"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Chia-Te","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04zx3rq17","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng-Hao","family":"Tseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cheng Kung University"},{"name":"Kaohsiung Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing-Hsuan","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cheng Kung University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying-Yu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cheng Kung University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsiu-Chi","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04zx3rq17","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Cheng Kung University"},{"name":"Tainan Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01374-X","volume":"398","author":"Gin\u00e8s","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(19)30349-8","volume":"5","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2017.07.002","volume":"44","author":"Wilkins","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prim. Care"},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2238","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.33476","volume":"127","author":"Ouyang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.65.2.195","volume":"65","author":"Yamanouchi","year":"1980","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"097003","DOI":"10.1117\/1.3622629","volume":"16","author":"Bosschaart","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-2586","volume":"129","author":"Bosschaart","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1177\/0897190015587696","volume":"30","author":"Goble","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pract."},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plabm.2021.e00223","volume":"25","author":"Dalton","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pract. Lab. Med."},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-019-0557-9","volume":"40","author":"Costa-Posada","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Perinatol."},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2008.121889","volume":"55","author":"el-Beshbishi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/44\/4\/012","volume":"44","author":"Doornbos","year":"1999","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2500","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1150665","volume":"71","author":"Pham","year":"2000","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Instrum."},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1117\/1.1802171","volume":"9","author":"Pifferi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"077005","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.17.7.077005","volume":"17","author":"Tseng","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14599","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.17.014599","volume":"17","author":"Tseng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12390","volume":"24","author":"Tzeng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Skin Res. Technol."},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.6.000390","volume":"6","author":"Hsu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2969","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.10.002969","volume":"10","author":"Cheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.6.000747","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100901","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.26.10.100901","volume":"26","author":"Oshina","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R23","first-page":"323","volume":"19","author":"Radfar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch. Iran Med."},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3175","DOI":"10.21037\/tp-21-541","volume":"10","author":"Kuang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl. Pediatr."},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"067001","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.20.6.067001","volume":"20","author":"Polley","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2019.07.051","volume":"18","author":"Newman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.26293","volume":"28","author":"Fung","year":"2022","journal-title":"Liver Transpl."},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.31083\/j.rcm2202046","volume":"22","author":"Alvarez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev. Cardiovasc. Med."},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2006.04.008","volume":"63","author":"Cullen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Hosp. Infect."},{"key":"boe-14-10-5405-R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4924","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07262-2","volume":"9","author":"Mannino","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."}],"container-title":["Biomedical Optics Express"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/viewmedia.cfm?URI=boe-14-10-5405&seq=0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T15:33:34Z","timestamp":1722958414000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/abstract.cfm?URI=boe-14-10-5405"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/boe.500833","relation":{},"ISSN":["2156-7085","2156-7085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2156-7085","type":"print"},{"value":"2156-7085","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Optica Publishing Group","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/BOE.500833","name":"articlelink","label":"Crossref DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"research-article","name":"content_type","label":"Article type"},{"value":"Screened by Similarity Check","name":"cross_check","label":"Similarity check"},{"value":"Yes","order":0,"name":"peer_reviewed","label":"Peer reviewed","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review process","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"18 July 2023","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"18 September 2023","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"25 September 2023","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}