{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T10:51:58Z","timestamp":1785408718116,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]],"date-time":"2023-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701216000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]],"date-time":"2023-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701216000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010757","name":"National Centre for the Replacement Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NC\/W001179\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NC\/W001179\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010757","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomed. Opt. Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Diffuse Raman spectroscopy (DRS) allows subsurface molecular analysis of optically turbid samples. Numerical modeling of light propagation was used as a method for improving the design of an DRS instrument to maximize the signal to noise ratio (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SNR<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) while ensuring safe laser exposure parameters required for\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in-vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    measurements. Experimental validation of the model was performed on both phantom samples and disks implanted postmortem to mimic the typical response to foreign bodies (formation of a fibrotic capsule around an implant). A reduction of laser exposure of over 1500-fold was achieved over previous studies whilst maintaining the same Raman collection rates and reaching the safe power density of 3\u2005mW\/mm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    . The validation of this approach in a subcutaneous implant in a mouse cadaver showed a further improvement of 1.5-fold SNR, with a thickness limit of detection for the fibrotic layer of 23 \u00b5m, under the same acquisition times. In the animal body, a thickness limit of detection of 16 \u00b5m was achieved. These results demonstrate the feasibility of numerical model-based optimization for DRS, and that the technique can be improved sufficiently to be used for\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in-vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    measurement of collagenous capsule formation as a result of the foreign body response in murine models.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/boe.512118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,16]],"date-time":"2023-11-16T11:00:09Z","timestamp":1700132409000},"page":"6592","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Optimization of diffuse Raman spectroscopy for in-vivo quantification of foreign body response in a small animal model"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Max","family":"Dooley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01ee9ar58","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeni","family":"Luckett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nottingham"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morgan R.","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nottingham"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavel","family":"Matousek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laser Facility"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4117-0412","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hamid","family":"Dehghani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Birmingham"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir M.","family":"Ghaemmaghami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nottingham"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5360-230X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ioan","family":"Notingher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01ee9ar58","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"boe-14-12-6592-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248-010-9175-3","volume":"12","author":"Morais","year":"2010","journal-title":"The AAPS journal"},{"key":"boe-14-12-6592-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3462","volume":"34","author":"Vegas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. 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Spectrosc."}],"container-title":["Biomedical Optics Express"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/viewmedia.cfm?URI=boe-14-12-6592&seq=0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T15:33:14Z","timestamp":1722958394000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/abstract.cfm?URI=boe-14-12-6592"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/boe.512118","relation":{},"ISSN":["2156-7085","2156-7085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2156-7085","type":"print"},{"value":"2156-7085","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Optica Publishing Group","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/BOE.512118","name":"articlelink","label":"Crossref DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"research-article","name":"content_type","label":"Article type"},{"value":"Screened by Similarity Check","name":"cross_check","label":"Similarity check"},{"value":"Yes","order":0,"name":"peer_reviewed","label":"Peer reviewed","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review process","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"13 November 2023","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"13 November 2023","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"29 November 2023","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"Published by Optica Publishing Group under\n\t\t\t\t\tthe terms of the Creative Commons\n\t\t\t\t\t\tAttribution 4.0 License. Further distribution of this work must\n\t\t\t\t\tmaintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article\u2019s title,\n\t\t\t\t\tjournal citation, and DOI.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}