{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T10:49:28Z","timestamp":1785408568722,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739404800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR-OA"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739404800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012190","name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["\u0411\u0427-2020-0039-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\u0411\u0427-2020-0039-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomed. Opt. Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    THz radiation is increasingly used for diagnostics in medicine. As technology utilizing THz radiation continues to develop rapidly, it is becoming increasingly important to consider its biological effects and establish safe exposure standards and parameters. The paper presents data on the clinical status and functional properties of the anterior and posterior structures of the eyes of rabbits after THz irradiation at the frequency of 2.3 THz. Terahertz radiation was generated at Novosibirsk Free Electron Laser (NovoFEL) at \u201cSiberian Synchrotron and Terahertz Radiation Centre\u201d (Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia). The exposure durations used were 15 and 30 minutes. Intensity ranges were I1=0.012\u2005mW\/cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    , I2=0.018\u2005mW\/cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    , and I3=0.024\u2005mW\/cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    . The study investigated the effects of various time and power irradiation protocols on the California rabbit\u2019s eyes and after a period of one month, but no significant clinical or functional alterations were observed in response to the established intensity protocols. However, the study identified statistically significant changes in corneal hydration and endothelial cell density over time, particularly under protocols with 15- and 30-minute exposures. A negative correlation was found between endothelial cell density and corneal thickness (r=-0.36, p=0.042), suggesting that a reduction in the endothelial cell pool may be associated with increased corneal thickness. These changes were subclinical and did not lead to clinically significant pathological changes in the cornea. There were no signs of ASOCT (anterior segment-optical coherence tomography) hyperreflectivity. THz radiation with parameters listed above of 2.3 THz and an intensities of 0.012-0.024\u2005mW\/cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    for 30 minutes has been shown to be conditionally safe for the structures of the rabbit eye. However, the detected subclinical corneal changes require further study to determine safe exposure limits.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/boe.546147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T03:00:27Z","timestamp":1736391627000},"page":"1043","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Assessment of the general clinical condition and functional properties of the eyes of rabbits after THz irradiation"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0619-4278","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ekaterina","family":"Butikova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04t2ss102","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"RICEL\u2013Branch of ICG SB RAS"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Krasner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RICEL\u2013Branch of ICG SB RAS"},{"name":"S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolay","family":"Kanygin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04t2ss102","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Drobot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Don State Technical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina","family":"Levchenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04t2ss102","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksandr","family":"Kichigin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuboron Therapy System Ltd."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasiliy","family":"Popik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daria","family":"Kolomeyets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Solovieva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04t2ss102","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatyana","family":"Tolstikova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina","family":"Alshevskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Russian Federation"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evgeniy","family":"Zavyalov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeriy","family":"Chernykh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Poveshenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RICEL\u2013Branch of ICG SB RAS"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladimir","family":"Kanygin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04t2ss102","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26955","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.454908","volume":"30","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"090902","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.26.9.090902","volume":"26","author":"Cherkasova","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2400488","DOI":"10.3978\/j.issn.2223-4292.2012.01.04","volume":"2","author":"Yu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Quant. Imaging Med. Surg."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2438","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2004.835916","volume":"52","author":"Siegel","year":"2004","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eng.2022.06.023","volume":"22","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Engineering"},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1007\/s10762-020-00683-5","volume":"41","author":"Tzydynzhapov","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Infrared. Millim Terahertz Waves"},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2021.12.002","volume":"40","author":"Yan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223001","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6463\/acbe4c","volume":"56","author":"Leitenstorfer","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"043011","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.26.4.043011","volume":"26","author":"Ke","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"0970081","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.17.9.097008","volume":"17","author":"Bennett","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1109\/TTHZ.2017.2775445","volume":"8","author":"Sung","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. THz Sci. Technol."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"055601","DOI":"10.1088\/1612-202X\/aaac76","volume":"15","author":"Ozheredov","year":"2018","journal-title":"Laser Phys. Lett."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1117\/1.OE.59.6.061622","volume":"59","author":"Ozheredov","year":"2020","journal-title":"Opt. Eng."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1364\/AOP.10.000843","volume":"10","author":"Guerboukha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Opt. Photonics"},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18590","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3247196","volume":"11","author":"Gezimati","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"012051","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/2663\/1\/012051","volume":"2663","author":"Dev","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Phys.: Conf. Ser."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1007\/s10762-009-9561-z","volume":"30","author":"Ramundo Orlando","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Infrared, Millimeter, Terahertz Waves"},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.2772\/75635","volume":"36","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioelectromagnetics"},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_716_17","volume":"66","author":"Cosar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2011.07.001","volume":"30","author":"Leung","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prog. Retinal Eye Res."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2018.01.023","volume":"69","author":"Matthyssen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93620C","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2086866","volume":"9362","author":"Sung","year":"2015","journal-title":"Terahertz, RF Millimeter, and Submillimeter-Wave Technology and Applications VIII"},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.17116\/oftalma202113703158","volume":"137","author":"Safonova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vestn. Oftal\u2019mol."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2679","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.2.002679","volume":"2","author":"Alexandrov","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.690","volume":"29","author":"Prise","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph13080793","volume":"13","author":"Koyama","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2448","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-82103-9","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75620L","DOI":"10.1117\/12.844916","volume":"7562","author":"Wilmink","year":"2010","journal-title":"Optical Interactions with Tissues and Cells XXI"},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024440708943","volume":"29","author":"Scarf\u00cc","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1667\/RR3077.1","volume":"179","author":"Hintzsche","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.21736","volume":"34","author":"Demidova","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioelectromagnetics"},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7749","DOI":"10.1038\/srep07749","volume":"5","author":"Bogomazova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15216","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232315216","volume":"23","author":"Bannikova","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R38","first-page":"27","volume":"84","author":"Kulipanov","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Terahertz Sci Technol"},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2018.04.002","volume":"66","author":"Ang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog. Retin Eye Res."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.4314\/ovj.v7i3.1","volume":"7","author":"Gallego","year":"2017","journal-title":"Open Vet. J."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R41","first-page":"1","volume":"53","author":"Pugliese","year":"2016","journal-title":"Slovenian Veterinary Research"},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1134\/S0036024418040076","volume":"92","author":"Ignat\u2019eva","year":"2018","journal-title":"Russ. J. Phys. Chem."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9955","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-08207-3","volume":"7","author":"Lin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1109\/TTHZ.2011.2159551","volume":"1","author":"Taylor","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Terahertz Sci. Technol."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.17925\/EOR.2019.13.2.76","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"European Ophthalmic Review"},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1109\/TTHZ.2015.2504782","volume":"6","author":"Echchgadda","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. THz Sci. Technol."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crimmu.2022.03.002","volume":"3","author":"Lombardi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Res. Immunol."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5963","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25115963","volume":"25","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113017","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2024.113017","volume":"259","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol., B"},{"key":"boe-16-3-1043-R50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","author":"Butikova","year":"2024","DOI":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.28063451"}],"container-title":["Biomedical Optics Express"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/viewmedia.cfm?URI=boe-16-3-1043&seq=0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T12:10:26Z","timestamp":1739448626000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/abstract.cfm?URI=boe-16-3-1043"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/boe.546147","relation":{},"ISSN":["2156-7085","2156-7085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2156-7085","type":"print"},{"value":"2156-7085","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Optica Publishing Group","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/BOE.546147","name":"articlelink","label":"Crossref DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"research-article","name":"content_type","label":"Article type"},{"value":"Screened by Similarity Check","name":"cross_check","label":"Similarity check"},{"value":"Yes","order":0,"name":"peer_reviewed","label":"Peer reviewed","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review process","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"4 November 2024","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"28 December 2024","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"13 February 2025","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}