{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T14:35:00Z","timestamp":1787063700968,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741651200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR-OA"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741651200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61975030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61975030"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62305120"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62305120"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024A1515011344"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024A1515011344"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016691","name":"Guangdong Provincial Pearl River Talents Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019ZT08Y105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019ZT08Y105"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Guangdong Eye Intelligent Medical Imaging Equipment Engineering Technology Research Center","award":["2022E076"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022E076"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory","award":["2020B1212030010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020B1212030010"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30EY003039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30EY003039"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30EY07551"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30EY07551"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01EY022362"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY022362"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomed. Opt. Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    We evaluate the effect of excitation angles on the observation and characterization of surface wave propagations used to derive tissue\u2019s mechanical properties in optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based elastography (OCE). Air-pulse stimulation was performed at the center of the sample with excitation angles ranging from oblique (e.g., 70\u00b0 or 45\u00b0) to perpendicular (0\u00b0). OCT scanning was conducted radially to record\n                    <jats:italic>en face<\/jats:italic>\n                    mechanical wave propagations in 360\u00b0, and the wave features (amplitude, attenuation, group and phase velocities) were calculated in the spatiotemporal or wavenumber-frequency domains. We conducted measurements on isotropic, homogeneous samples (1\u20131.6% agar phantoms), anisotropic samples (chicken breast), and samples with complex boundaries, coupling media, and stress conditions (\n                    <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    porcine cornea, intraocular pressure (IOP): 5\u201320 mmHg). Our findings indicate that mechanical wave velocities are less affected by excitation angles compared to displacement features, demonstrating the robustness of using mechanical waves for elasticity estimations. Agar and chicken breast sample measurements showed that all these metrics (particularly wave velocities) are relatively consistent when excitation angles are smaller than 45\u00b0. However, significant disparities were observed in the porcine cornea measurements across different excitation angles (even between 15\u00b0 and 0\u00b0), particularly at high IOP levels (e.g., 20 mmHg). Our findings provide valuable insights for enhancing the accuracy of biomechanical assessments using air-pulse-based or other dynamic OCE approaches. This facilitates the refinement and clinical translation of the OCE technique and could ultimately improve diagnostic and therapeutic applications across various biomedical fields.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/boe.557984","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T08:00:18Z","timestamp":1741075218000},"page":"1371","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Air-pulse optical coherence elastography: how excitation angle affects mechanical wave propagation"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Pengfei","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02xvvvp28","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengjin","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02xvvvp28","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5184-9640","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yubao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanchang Hangkong University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanchang Hangkong University"},{"name":"Beihang University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peijun","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South China Normal University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaitanya","family":"Duvvuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Houston"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0016-5791","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jingjiang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02xvvvp28","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Guangdong Weiren Meditech Co., Ltd."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanping","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02xvvvp28","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Guangdong Weiren Meditech Co., Ltd."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Weiren Meditech Co., Ltd."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Weiren Meditech Co., Ltd."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4544-5153","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael D.","family":"Twa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Houston"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6928-2398","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gongpu","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02xvvvp28","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Guangdong Weiren Meditech Co., Ltd."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1235249","volume":"340","author":"Guillot","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-018-0015-1","volume":"15","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12307","volume":"37","author":"De L\u00e9dinghen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000185463.27209.b0","volume":"46","author":"Mahmud","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/52\/6\/002","volume":"52","author":"Samani","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e318243e42d","volume":"31","author":"Wolffsohn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.13108","volume":"46","author":"Gokul","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Optom."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2183","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31469-1","volume":"390","author":"Jonas","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2008.06.020","volume":"48","author":"Shen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4990","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.17-22219","volume":"58","author":"Chansangpetch","year":"2017","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Visual Sci."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1080\/08820538.2018.1539183","volume":"33","author":"Bohac","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5703","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.17-22864","volume":"58","author":"Shetty","year":"2017","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Visual Sci."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.3.000199","volume":"3","author":"Schmitt","year":"1998","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2023.12.019","volume":"175","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3021","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.457617","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.14-15654","volume":"56","author":"Wu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Visual Sci."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3301","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.391324","volume":"11","author":"Lan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851094","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.851094","volume":"10","author":"Lan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5856","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.536685","volume":"15","author":"Song","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.25.000114","volume":"25","author":"Zhao","year":"2000","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.26.000518","volume":"26","author":"Sticker","year":"2001","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2099","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.40.002099","volume":"40","author":"Zhu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11585","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.14.011585","volume":"14","author":"Kirkpatrick","year":"2006","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5253","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.8.005253","volume":"8","author":"Lan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001633","volume":"98","author":"Lan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Optom. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4949","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-40625-y","volume":"14","author":"Feng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e202000257","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.202000257","volume":"14","author":"Zaitsev","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Biophotonics"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121510","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.18.12.121510","volume":"18","author":"Kennedy","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23114","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.17.023114","volume":"17","author":"Crecea","year":"2009","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2349","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.5.002349","volume":"5","author":"Ahmad","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2006","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.43.002006","volume":"43","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.11.7.11","volume":"11","author":"Crespo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transl. Vis. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10153","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.19.010153","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2020.3033304","volume":"68","author":"Kang","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e202200317","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.202200317","volume":"16","author":"Ai","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Biophotonics"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2644","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.456186","volume":"13","author":"Zvietcovich","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"043701","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4959827","volume":"109","author":"Ambrozi\u0144ski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6272","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.10.006272","volume":"10","author":"Jin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"075605","DOI":"10.1088\/1612-2011\/10\/7\/075605","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Laser Phys. Lett."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5184","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.37.005184","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.3.000473","volume":"3","author":"Dorronsoro","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833597","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.833597","volume":"9","author":"Nair","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3426","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.523835","volume":"15","author":"Gong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2023.04.009","volume":"21","author":"Lan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-18888","volume":"57","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Visual Sci."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.5.001419","volume":"5","author":"Twa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20160520-01","volume":"32","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Refract. Surg."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2021.110427","volume":"121","author":"Lan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.3390\/photonics11030254","volume":"11","author":"Feng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Photonics"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e202300534","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.202300534","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Biophotonics"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6800810","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTQE.2020.3038633","volume":"27","author":"Zvietcovich","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering10070754","volume":"10","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bioengineering"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3301","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.520551","volume":"15","author":"Song","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264002","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6463\/abf577","volume":"54","author":"Lan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42353","DOI":"10.1038\/srep42353","volume":"7","author":"Lan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"012007","DOI":"10.1088\/2516-1091\/ac4512","volume":"4","author":"Zvietcovich","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prog. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2013.11.001","volume":"40","author":"Carstensen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med. Biol."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1177\/0161734618796217","volume":"40","author":"Parker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ultrason. Imaging"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.14.1.26","volume":"14","author":"Duvvuri","year":"2025","journal-title":"Transl. Vis. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2009.2021471","volume":"28","author":"Tanter","year":"2009","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7545","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.14-15127","volume":"55","author":"Nguyen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Visual Sci."},{"key":"boe-16-4-1371-R62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2010.02.013","volume":"36","author":"Gennisson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med. Biol."}],"container-title":["Biomedical Optics Express"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/viewmedia.cfm?URI=boe-16-4-1371&seq=0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T11:37:11Z","timestamp":1741693031000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/abstract.cfm?URI=boe-16-4-1371"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/boe.557984","relation":{},"ISSN":["2156-7085","2156-7085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2156-7085","type":"print"},{"value":"2156-7085","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Optica Publishing Group","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/BOE.557984","name":"articlelink","label":"Crossref DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"research-article","name":"content_type","label":"Article type"},{"value":"Screened by Similarity Check","name":"cross_check","label":"Similarity check"},{"value":"Yes","order":0,"name":"peer_reviewed","label":"Peer reviewed","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review process","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"24 January 2025","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"27 February 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"11 March 2025","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}