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Opt. Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This study investigates relative peripheral refraction (RPR) in\n\t\t\t\t\temmetropic and myopic eyes in the 25\u00b0 nasal and temporal visual fields\n\t\t\t\t\tunder far and near fixation, with control for any fluctuations in\n\t\t\t\t\taccommodation. Additional analysis of axial length and comparison with\n\t\t\t\t\trecently published eye models are also presented, constituting\n\t\t\t\t\tcomplementary adult data to the Stockholm Myopia Study. In the ten\n\t\t\t\t\temmetropes, a pronounced nasal-temporal asymmetry was observed, with\n\t\t\t\t\tsignificantly more myopic RPR nasally and less myopic \/ more hyperopic\n\t\t\t\t\tRPR temporally at both accommodative states (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.005). The nine myopes, in contrast, exhibited more\n\t\t\t\t\tsymmetric peripheral profiles, with no significant nasal\u2013temporal\n\t\t\t\t\tdifferences. Accommodation induced systematic shifts in both groups,\n\t\t\t\t\tproducing increased relative myopia nasally and relative hyperopia\n\t\t\t\t\ttemporally (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Axial length\n\t\t\t\t\twas significantly correlated with temporal hyperopic shifts during\n\t\t\t\t\taccommodation in myopes (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.005),\n\t\t\t\t\tsuggesting a structural contribution of ocular growth to peripheral\n\t\t\t\t\toptics. Comparison with eye models showed partial agreement, though\n\t\t\t\t\texperimental results revealed greater asymmetry than predicted in\n\t\t\t\t\temmetropes and a weaker nasal\u2013temporal distinction in myopes. Our\n\t\t\t\t\tfindings indicate that variations in relative peripheral refraction\n\t\t\t\t\tover the horizontal visual field and with accommodation might be\n\t\t\t\t\tlinked to ocular growth and are important for optical myopia\n\t\t\t\t\tcontrol.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/boe.578852","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T13:00:10Z","timestamp":1764594010000},"page":"703","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Asymmetry between nasal and temporal refraction with accommodation in myopes and emmetropes"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Shrilekha","family":"Vedhakrishnan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/026vcq606","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8837-3837","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Charlie","family":"B\u00f6rjeson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/026vcq606","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faik Ozan","family":"\u00d6zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/026vcq606","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Dominguez Vicent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karolinska Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2155-7030","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Abinaya Priya","family":"Venkataraman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karolinska Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4894-7944","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Linda","family":"Lundstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/026vcq606","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"boe-17-2-703-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.08.008","type":"journal-article","volume":"43","author":"Wallman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"boe-17-2-703-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2005.00297.x","type":"journal-article","volume":"25","author":"Charman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol. 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