{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T13:19:01Z","timestamp":1785417541598,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765238400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR-OA"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765238400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shenzhen Medical Research Fund","award":["A2303018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A2303018"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025B1515020050"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025B1515020050"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024A1515010009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024A1515010009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62225505"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62225505"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62175163"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62175163"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62127819"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62127819"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62475165"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62475165"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T2421003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T2421003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomed. Opt. Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy enabled label-free, high-resolution visualization of ocular collagen structures in mouse, rabbit, and human pterygium tissues. Quantitative analyses using fast Fourier transform (FFT), gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), and polarization-resolved SHG revealed regional variations in collagen alignment, texture anisotropy, and optical polarization dependence. The results demonstrate that SHG imaging can sensitively capture microstructural organization and pathological remodeling within corneal and conjunctival tissues. This study highlights the potential of SHG microscopy as a powerful noninvasive technique for quantitative assessment of collagen integrity and early detection of structural abnormalities in ocular diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/boe.581592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T08:00:09Z","timestamp":1764662409000},"page":"172","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Optical characterization of ocular collagen microstructure and anisotropy in animal and human eyes"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Zhenli","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen University General Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiyang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01vy4gh70","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01vy4gh70","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01vy4gh70","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01vy4gh70","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7833-4711","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Junle","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01vy4gh70","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liwei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01vy4gh70","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9687-9010","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Binglin","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01vy4gh70","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2023.09.003","type":"journal-article","volume":"30","author":"Bradford","year":"2023","journal-title":"The Ocular Surface"},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1186\/s40942-025-00726-w","type":"journal-article","volume":"11","author":"Bayat","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Retin. Vitr."},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2015.07.001","type":"journal-article","volume":"49","author":"Meek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prog. Retinal Eye Res."},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5791","DOI":"10.1364\/OPEX.13.005791","type":"journal-article","volume":"13","author":"Han","year":"2005","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5622","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-17129","type":"journal-article","volume":"56","author":"Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1038\/s41377-023-01224-0","type":"journal-article","volume":"12","author":"Raoux","year":"2023","journal-title":"Light: Sci. Appl."},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s12551-022-01041-6","type":"journal-article","volume":"15","author":"Aghigh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biophys. Rev."},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3973857","DOI":"10.34133\/2021\/3973857","type":"journal-article","volume":"2021","author":"James","year":"2021","journal-title":"BME Front."},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.3390\/photonics9100672","type":"journal-article","volume":"9","author":"Bueno","year":"2022","journal-title":"Photonics"},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3875","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.10.003875","type":"journal-article","volume":"10","author":"Alizadeh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-4-38","type":"journal-article","volume":"4","author":"Provenzano","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3224","DOI":"10.1021\/ac1032325","type":"journal-article","volume":"83","author":"Campagnola","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e48388","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0048388","type":"journal-article","volume":"7","author":"Latour","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2012.009","type":"journal-article","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt894","type":"journal-article","volume":"21","author":"Campagnola","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R16","author":"Boyd","year":"2008"},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1117\/1.1431967","type":"journal-article","volume":"7","author":"Stoller","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6940","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.529428","type":"journal-article","volume":"15","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4163","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.426145","type":"journal-article","volume":"12","author":"Raoux","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1752","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2008.439","type":"journal-article","volume":"129","author":"Dimitrow","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2093","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2012.10.019","type":"journal-article","volume":"103","author":"Tuer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19339","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.18.019339","type":"journal-article","volume":"18","author":"Gusachenko","year":"2010","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12286","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.15.012286","type":"journal-article","volume":"15","author":"Tiaho","year":"2007","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.32.001437","type":"journal-article","volume":"32","author":"Wasik","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Opt. Soc. Am. A"},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9313","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.23.009313","type":"journal-article","volume":"23","author":"Teulon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.201200108","type":"journal-article","volume":"7","author":"Adur","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Biophotonics"},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.1973.4309314","type":"journal-article","volume":"SMC3","author":"Haralick","year":"1973","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst., Man, Cybern."},{"key":"boe-17-1-172-R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1137\/05064182X","type":"journal-article","volume":"5","author":"Cand\u00e8s","year":"2006","journal-title":"Multiscale Model. Simul."}],"container-title":["Biomedical Optics Express"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/viewmedia.cfm?URI=boe-17-1-172&seq=0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T20:23:08Z","timestamp":1778530988000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/abstract.cfm?URI=boe-17-1-172"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/boe.581592","relation":{},"ISSN":["2156-7085","2156-7085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2156-7085","type":"print"},{"value":"2156-7085","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Optica Publishing Group","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/BOE.581592","name":"articlelink","label":"Crossref DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"research-article","name":"content_type","label":"Article type"},{"value":"Screened by Similarity Check","name":"cross_check","label":"Similarity check"},{"value":"Yes","order":0,"name":"peer_reviewed","label":"Peer reviewed","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review process","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"13 October 2025","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1 December 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"9 December 2025","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}