{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T19:12:08Z","timestamp":1792523528495,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776729600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomed. Opt. Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Optical coherence elastography (OCE) is a non-invasive imaging technique used to quantify tissue stiffness and to assist in the diagnosis and assessment of disease. A major limitation of conventional OCE approaches is that phase velocity estimation requires transformation from the spatial\u2013temporal domain to the frequency\u2013wavenumber domain, a process that is computationally inefficient and may introduce errors due to assumptions regarding tissue properties. We propose a unified framework for depth-resolved phase velocity estimation that combines spectral analysis of complex-valued signals with a deep learning inversion network. The effectiveness of the framework is validated using homogeneous agar phantoms, while layered agar phantoms and in vivo human skin are analyzed by depth-dependent phase velocity gradients. The proposed phase velocity estimation network (PVNet) achieved a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.123\u2009\u00b1\u20090.024\u2005m\/s in agar models and 0.145\u2009\u00b1\u20090.114\u2005m\/s in human skin, compared with ground truth measurements. This study presents a deep learning approach for segmenting depth-resolved bi-layers in OCE, offering significant potential for the clinical identification of sub-surface lesions and abnormalities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/boe.593027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T07:00:06Z","timestamp":1773644406000},"page":"2533","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Depth-resolved phase velocity estimation in layered tissue based on an efficient additive attention network with surface acoustic wave \u2013 optical coherence elastography"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7290-8792","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Guangyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6287-8079","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jinpeng","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of York"},{"name":"University of Dundee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4168-6589","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhengshuyi","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrien Van","family":"Bocxlaer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison M.","family":"Layton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunhui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Dundee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"boe-17-5-2533-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.16155","type":"journal-article","volume":"23","author":"Jiao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology"},{"key":"boe-17-5-2533-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11214","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v10.i31.11214","type":"journal-article","volume":"10","author":"Dobric\u0103","year":"2022","journal-title":"World J Clin Cases"},{"key":"boe-17-5-2533-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa060992","type":"journal-article","volume":"355","author":"Morton","year":"2006","journal-title":"N. 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Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article\u2019s title, journal citation, and DOI.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}