{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T18:07:57Z","timestamp":1785434877492,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NSFC82472097"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSFC82472097"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"},{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003399","name":"Science and Technology Commission of\n\t\t\tShanghai Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["23S31901600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23S31901600"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003399","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"},{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03kt66j61","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Opt. Soc. Am. A"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Dynamic speckle simulation is an essential computational tool for\n\t\t\t\tinvestigating light scattering in dynamic media. However, current\n\t\t\t\tapproaches predominantly depend either on mathematical models with imposed\n\t\t\t\tcorrelations or on tracking-based methods, both of which fall short of\n\t\t\t\taccurately representing three-dimensional speckle dynamics with physical\n\t\t\t\trigor. Here, we present what is believed to be a novel three-dimensional\n\t\t\t\tdynamic speckle simulation framework that combines a dynamic\n\t\t\t\telectric-field Monte Carlo (dEMC) simulation with a complex-valued\n\t\t\t\tOrnstein\u2013Uhlenbeck (OU) process. The dEMC resolves photon\n\t\t\t\ttrajectories to calculate the electric field and its autocorrelation,\n\t\t\t\twhich are subsequently utilized by the complex-valued OU process to\n\t\t\t\tefficiently synthesize time-integrated dynamic speckle patterns. This\n\t\t\t\tphoton-tracking approach inherently provides depth-, polarization-, and\n\t\t\t\tscattering-order-resolved data, enabling a comprehensive analysis of the\n\t\t\t\tdynamic scattering light fields. Furthermore, we apply this simulation\n\t\t\t\tframework to quantify various physical characteristics of dynamic\n\t\t\t\tscattering, demonstrating strong agreement with theoretical predictions.\n\t\t\t\tOur framework offers a physically grounded and computationally efficient\n\t\t\t\tplatform for exploring dynamic speckle phenomena and optimizing coherent\n\t\t\t\tlight imaging systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/josaa.597654","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T18:00:09Z","timestamp":1781287209000},"page":"1125","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Three-dimensional dynamic speckle simulation based on dynamic electric-field Monte Carlo and Ornstein\u2013Uhlenbeck modeling"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Chengdong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0220qvk04","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1919-2204","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Peng","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0220qvk04","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanbao","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0220qvk04","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R1","first-page":"23","article-title":"Principles of remote sensing","volume-title":"Satellite Remote Sensing and GIS Applications in Agricultural Meteorology","author":"AggarwalSivakumar","year":"2004"},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1007\/s12551-016-0218-6","type":"journal-article","volume":"8","author":"Stetefeld","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biophys. Rev."},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2890","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.525699","type":"journal-article","volume":"15","author":"Meglinski","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R4","volume-title":"Dynamic Light Scattering: With Applications to Chemistry, Biology, and Physics","author":"Berne","year":"1976"},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1109\/RBME.2013.2243140","type":"journal-article","volume":"6","author":"Senarathna","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Rev. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"080901","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.24.8.080901","type":"journal-article","volume":"24","author":"Heeman","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R1","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6579\/aa60b7","type":"journal-article","volume":"38","author":"Shang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Physiol. Meas."},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"013509","DOI":"10.1117\/1.NPh.10.1.013509","type":"journal-article","volume":"10","author":"Carp","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurophotonics"},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2014.03.004","type":"journal-article","volume":"41","author":"Leitgeb","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.25.000231","type":"journal-article","volume":"25","author":"Duncan","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Opt. Soc. Am. A"},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.7.000798","type":"journal-article","volume":"7","author":"Song","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2913","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.489480","type":"journal-article","volume":"48","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4390","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.435812","type":"journal-article","volume":"46","author":"James","year":"2021","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6745","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.470926","type":"journal-article","volume":"13","author":"Murali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7400711","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTQE.2025.3571385","type":"journal-article","volume":"31","author":"Sarkar","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron."},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6530","DOI":"10.1364\/OPEX.12.006530","type":"journal-article","volume":"12","author":"Xu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6533","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.472263","type":"journal-article","volume":"13","author":"Zilpelwar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17145","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.23.017145","type":"journal-article","volume":"23","author":"Davis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.3109\/10409237709105461","type":"journal-article","volume":"4","author":"Schurr","year":"1977","journal-title":"CRC Crit. Rev. Biochem."},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198570776.001.0001","volume-title":"Electromagnetic Scattering from Random Media","volume":"144","author":"Field","year":"2008"},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1111\/sjos.12241","type":"journal-article","volume":"44","author":"Nguyen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scand. J. Stat."},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1017\/apr.2015.15","type":"journal-article","volume":"48","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Appl. Probab."},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"011109","DOI":"10.1117\/1.3285504","type":"journal-article","volume":"15","author":"Boas","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4222","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.40.004222","type":"journal-article","volume":"40","author":"Wax","year":"2001","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16879","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17010-z","type":"journal-article","volume":"7","author":"Vitomir","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Reports"},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17765","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1417725111","type":"journal-article","volume":"111","author":"Pierrat","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aan4054","type":"journal-article","volume":"358","author":"Savo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1117\/3.100010","volume-title":"Simulating Speckle with Python","author":"Goodman","year":"2024"},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R29","volume-title":"Speckle Phenomena in Optics: Theory and Applications","author":"Goodman","year":"2007"},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1038\/s41377-021-00639-x","type":"journal-article","volume":"10","author":"He","year":"2021","journal-title":"Light Sci. Appl."},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"066018","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.18.6.066018","type":"journal-article","volume":"18","author":"Briers","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-020-0792-1","type":"journal-article","volume":"17","author":"Todorov","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"josaa-43-7-1125-R33","unstructured":"LCD Source , \u201c Three-dimensional-dynamic-speckle-simulation ,\u201d Github ( 2026 ), https:\/\/github.com\/LCD-source\/Three-dimensional-dynamic-speckle-simulation ."}],"container-title":["Journal of the Optical Society of America A"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/viewmedia.cfm?URI=josaa-43-7-1125&seq=0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T17:54:08Z","timestamp":1782842048000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/abstract.cfm?URI=josaa-43-7-1125"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/josaa.597654","relation":{},"ISSN":["1084-7529","1520-8532"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1084-7529","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-8532","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Optica Publishing Group","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/JOSAA.597654","name":"articlelink","label":"Crossref DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"research-article","name":"content_type","label":"Article type"},{"value":"Screened by Similarity Check","name":"cross_check","label":"Similarity check"},{"value":"Yes","order":0,"name":"peer_reviewed","label":"Peer reviewed","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review process","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"13 March 2026","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"11 June 2026","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"30 June 2026","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Optica Publishing Group. All rights,\n\t\t\t\tincluding for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI)\n\t\t\t\ttraining, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}