{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T17:28:54Z","timestamp":1778174934556,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]],"date-time":"2020-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]],"date-time":"2020-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604361600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002946","name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["50 OQ 0601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["50 OQ 0601"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002946","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002946","name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["50 OQ 1301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["50 OQ 1301"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002946","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002946","name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["50 OQ 1801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["50 OQ 1801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002946","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000844","name":"European Space Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["8586\/16\/NL\/BW"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["8586\/16\/NL\/BW"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000844","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Opt. Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will measure gravitational waves by utilizing inter-satellite laser links between three triangularly-arranged spacecraft in heliocentric orbits. Each spacecraft will house two separate optical benches and needs to establish a phase reference between the two optical benches which requires a bidirectional optical connection, e.g. a fiber connection. The sensitivity of the reference interferometers, and thus of the gravitational wave measurement, could be hampered by backscattering of laser light within optical fibers. It is not yet clear if the backscatter within the fibers will remain constant during the mission duration, or if it will increase due to ionizing radiation in the space environment. Here we report the results of tests on two different fiber types under increasing intensities of ionizing radiation: SM98-PS-U40D by Fujikura, a polarization maintaining fiber, and HB1060Z by Fibercore, a polarizing fiber. We found that both types react differently to the ionizing radiation: The polarization maintaining fibers show a backscatter of about 7\u2005ppm\u00b7m<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> which remains constant over increasing exposure. The polarizing fibers show about three times as much backscatter, which also remains constant over increasing exposure. However, the polarizing fibers show a significant degradation in transmission, which is reduced to about one third.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/oe.404139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,4]],"date-time":"2020-10-04T23:30:05Z","timestamp":1601854205000},"page":"34894","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Fiber backscatter under increasing exposure to ionizing radiation"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8937-054X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Johann","family":"Max Rohr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Ast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7740-2698","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Oliver","family":"Gerberding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Reiche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Heinzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"oe-28-23-34894-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1016\/S0273-1177(03)90323-1","volume":"32","author":"Danzmann","year":"2003","journal-title":"Adv. Space Res."},{"key":"oe-28-23-34894-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153001","DOI":"10.1088\/0264-9381\/26\/15\/153001","volume":"26","author":"Jennrich","year":"2009","journal-title":"Classical Quantum Gravity"},{"key":"oe-28-23-34894-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205003","DOI":"10.1088\/0264-9381\/29\/20\/205003","volume":"29","author":"Otto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Classical Quantum Gravity"},{"key":"oe-28-23-34894-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"085009","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6382\/aaa879","volume":"35","author":"Isleif","year":"2018","journal-title":"Classical Quantum Gravity"},{"key":"oe-28-23-34894-R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"075007","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6382\/aaa276","volume":"35","author":"Fleddermann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Classical Quantum Gravity"},{"key":"oe-28-23-34894-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRev.123.1226","volume":"123","author":"Levy","year":"1961","journal-title":"Phys. Rev."},{"key":"oe-28-23-34894-R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1557\/PROC-61-319","volume":"61","author":"Friebele","year":"1985","journal-title":"Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc."},{"key":"oe-28-23-34894-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2724","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.55.002724","volume":"55","author":"Killow","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"oe-28-23-34894-R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"081104","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.122.081104","volume":"122","author":"Schwarze","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"oe-28-23-34894-R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1109\/50.54502","volume":"8","author":"Suhir","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Lightwave Technol."},{"key":"oe-28-23-34894-R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3890","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.33.003890","volume":"33","author":"LeGrange","year":"1994","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"oe-28-23-34894-R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1119\/1.1991484","volume":"7","author":"Birge","year":"1939","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys."},{"key":"oe-28-23-34894-R20","first-page":"263","volume":"70C","author":"Ku","year":"1966","journal-title":"J. Res. Natl. Bureau Standards, Sect. C: Eng. Instrumentation"},{"key":"oe-28-23-34894-R21","author":"Goodman","year":"2020"},{"key":"oe-28-23-34894-R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1002\/1520-6432(200012)83:12<35::AID-ECJB4>3.0.CO;2-U","volume":"83","author":"Sakaguchi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Electron. Comm. Jpn. Pt. II"}],"container-title":["Optics Express"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/viewmedia.cfm?URI=oe-28-23-34894&seq=0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T19:26:48Z","timestamp":1722972408000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-28-23-34894"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/oe.404139","relation":{},"ISSN":["1094-4087"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1094-4087","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Optica Publishing Group","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OE.404139","name":"articlelink","label":"Crossref DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"research-article","name":"content_type","label":"Article type"},{"value":"Screened by Similarity Check","name":"cross_check","label":"Similarity check"},{"value":"Yes","order":0,"name":"peer_reviewed","label":"Peer reviewed","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review process","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"12 August 2020","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"4 October 2020","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"3 November 2020","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"Published by The Optical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}