{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T02:21:34Z","timestamp":1790130094250,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]],"date-time":"2020-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v1#VOR-OA"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]],"date-time":"2020-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599609600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. 2018YFE0201800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2018YFE0201800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. 2019YFB220330"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2019YFB220330"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Opt. Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel method to realize an optical vector analyzer (OVA) with a largely increased measurement range based on linearly frequency-modulated (LFM) waveform and a recircuiting frequency shifter (RFS) loop. An optical LFM signal is sent into an RFS loop to extend its frequency range by circulating in the loop. At the output of the RFS, the frequency-extended optical LFM signal is launched into a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>) with the device under test (DUT) incorporated in one arm and a delay line in the other arm. By beating the optical signals from the MZIs at a pair of balanced photodetectors, low-frequency signals are generated, from which the frequency responses of the DUT can be extracted using post-digital signal processing. To eliminate the unwanted influence from the measurement system, another MZI (MZI<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) sharing the delay line arm with the MZI<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> is used for system self-calibration. Thanks to the largely extended frequency range of the optical LFM signal with the use of the RFS loop, the measurement range of the OVA is highly increased. As a proof of the concept, an experiment is performed in which the magnitude and phase responses of a narrow-band fiber ring resonator (FRR) and a hydrogen cyanide (HCN) gas chamber are measured with the proposed OVA. The measurement results show that a measurement range as broad as 418 GHz and a frequency resolution as high as 0.5 MHz are achieved with a measurement time as short as 400 \u00b5s. The key advantages of the proposed OVA include a largely extended measurement range, high measurement speed and high resolution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/oe.404680","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]],"date-time":"2020-08-31T15:00:06Z","timestamp":1598886006000},"page":"28536","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Self-calibrated optical vector analyzer with a largely extended measurement range based on linearly frequency-modulated waveform and recirculating frequency shifter"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Bin","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weifeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6637-5444","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xinyu","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1604920","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201604920","volume":"29","author":"Zhi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2016.2613558","volume":"35","author":"Choudhary","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Lightwave Technol."},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/JPHOT.2017.2671461","volume":"9","author":"Chew","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Photonics J."},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5078","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.41.005078","volume":"41","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3489","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2016.2586181","volume":"35","author":"Yao","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Lightwave Technol."},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1364\/PRJ.387816","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Photonics Res."},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.6028\/NIST.SP.260-137","volume":"260","author":"Gilbert","year":"2005","journal-title":"NIST Spec. Publ."},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04594","volume":"440","author":"Bozhevolnyi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5415","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.43.005415","volume":"43","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423001","DOI":"10.1088\/0022-3727\/45\/42\/423001","volume":"45","author":"R\u00f6pcke","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys."},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9291","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.22.009291","volume":"22","author":"Sun","year":"2014","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1109\/LPT.2002.806100","volume":"15","author":"VanWiggeren","year":"2003","journal-title":"IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett."},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7282","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.44.007282","volume":"44","author":"Gifford","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6555","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.20.006555","volume":"20","author":"Tang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4900","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.38.004900","volume":"38","author":"Xue","year":"2013","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3595","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.39.003595","volume":"39","author":"Xue","year":"2014","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.40.000569","volume":"40","author":"Xue","year":"2015","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/s00340-016-6474-0","volume":"122","author":"Xue","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. B"},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2016.2598477","volume":"35","author":"Pan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Lightwave Technol."},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1109\/LPT.2018.2799565","volume":"30","author":"Xue","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett."},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5135","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-13129-x","volume":"10","author":"Qing","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3322","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.44.003322","volume":"44","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2038","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.388743","volume":"45","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3127","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2019.2911501","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Lightwave Technol."},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4970","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.23.004970","volume":"23","author":"Wei","year":"2015","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3514","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.25.003514","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3984","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.42.003984","volume":"42","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"oe-28-19-28536-R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22134","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.23.022134","volume":"23","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Opt. Express"}],"container-title":["Optics Express"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/viewmedia.cfm?URI=oe-28-19-28536&seq=0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T19:26:12Z","timestamp":1722972372000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-28-19-28536"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/oe.404680","relation":{},"ISSN":["1094-4087"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1094-4087","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Optica Publishing Group","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OE.404680","name":"articlelink","label":"Crossref DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"research-article","name":"content_type","label":"Article type"},{"value":"Screened by Similarity Check","name":"cross_check","label":"Similarity check"},{"value":"Yes","order":0,"name":"peer_reviewed","label":"Peer reviewed","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review process","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"5 August 2020","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"31 August 2020","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"9 September 2020","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}