{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T16:14:56Z","timestamp":1792080896719,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR-OA"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677024000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62021005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62021005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62101063"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62101063"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Opt. Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Low earth orbit satellite laser communication has become an important part of communications due to its large capacity and low latency. The lifetime of the satellite mainly depends on the recharge and discharge cycles of the battery. The low earth orbit satellites frequently recharge under sunlight and discharge in the shadow, which leads satellites to age quickly. This paper studies the energy-efficient routing problem for satellite laser communication and builds the satellite ageing model. Based on the model, we propose an energy-efficient routing scheme based on the genetic algorithm. Compared with shortest path routing, the proposed method improves the satellite lifetime by about 300%, and the performances of the network are only slightly degraded, the blocking ratio increases by only 1.2%, and the service delay increases by 1.3\u2005ms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/oe.486124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,15]],"date-time":"2023-02-15T17:06:43Z","timestamp":1676480803000},"page":"8682","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Energy-efficient routing based on a genetic algorithm for satellite laser communication"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Yinji","family":"Jing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04w9fbh59","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenghao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04w9fbh59","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3716-8248","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yongli","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04w9fbh59","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3761-1660","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hua","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04w9fbh59","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0503-2816","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04w9fbh59","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabidur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AT&T Labs"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04w9fbh59","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"oe-31-5-8682-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.1999.5340513","volume":"2","author":"Pratt","year":"1999","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials"},{"key":"oe-31-5-8682-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.est.2020.101490","volume":"31","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Energy Storage"},{"key":"oe-31-5-8682-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1109\/MAES.2011.5936184","volume":"26","author":"Hill","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag."},{"key":"oe-31-5-8682-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1109\/TTE.2015.2471180","volume":"1","author":"Tang","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrific."},{"key":"oe-31-5-8682-R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2110","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2014.2352333","volume":"30","author":"Duggal","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Power Syst."},{"key":"oe-31-5-8682-R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2106","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2020.2965185","volume":"38","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Lightwave Technol."},{"key":"oe-31-5-8682-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1364\/JOCN.7.000995","volume":"7","author":"Dong","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Opt. Commun. Netw."},{"key":"oe-31-5-8682-R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2013.2288790","volume":"22","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Trans. Networking"},{"key":"oe-31-5-8682-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2014.2335312","volume":"32","author":"Vishwanath","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun."},{"key":"oe-31-5-8682-R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3869","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2016.2611860","volume":"34","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun."},{"key":"oe-31-5-8682-R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2872","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSE.2020.3039499","volume":"8","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Netw. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"oe-31-5-8682-R17","first-page":"1","article-title":"Towards Sustainable Multi-Tier Space Networking for LEO Satellite Constellations","author":"Chou","year":"2022"},{"key":"oe-31-5-8682-R20","first-page":"140","volume":"33","author":"Tian","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Time Freq"},{"key":"oe-31-5-8682-R21","first-page":"2007","article-title":"Power-aware speed scaling in processor sharing systems","author":"Wierman","year":"2009"},{"key":"oe-31-5-8682-R22","first-page":"9","volume":"16","author":"Zhu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Spacecr. Eng."},{"key":"oe-31-5-8682-R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-7753(03)00222-2","volume":"119","author":"Fellner","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"oe-31-5-8682-R24","first-page":"559","volume":"37","author":"Walker","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Br. Interplanet. Soc."},{"key":"oe-31-5-8682-R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1636","DOI":"10.1109\/49.634801","volume":"15","author":"Werner","year":"1997","journal-title":"IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun."},{"key":"oe-31-5-8682-R28","first-page":"43","article-title":"Genetic algorithm","author":"Mirjalili","year":"2019"},{"key":"oe-31-5-8682-R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1145\/1216544.1216547","volume":"4","author":"Luo","year":"2007","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Archit. Code Optim."}],"container-title":["Optics Express"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/viewmedia.cfm?URI=oe-31-5-8682&seq=0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T15:31:30Z","timestamp":1722958290000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-31-5-8682"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/oe.486124","relation":{},"ISSN":["1094-4087"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1094-4087","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Optica Publishing Group","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OE.486124","name":"articlelink","label":"Crossref DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"research-article","name":"content_type","label":"Article type"},{"value":"Screened by Similarity Check","name":"cross_check","label":"Similarity check"},{"value":"Yes","order":0,"name":"peer_reviewed","label":"Peer reviewed","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review process","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"20 January 2023","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"12 February 2023","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"22 February 2023","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}