{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T00:43:25Z","timestamp":1789865005411,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR-OA"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711324800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016074","name":"Foundation of Equipment Pre-research Area","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20204511032"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20204511032"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016074","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62275008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62275008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Opt. Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In order to improve the safety of spacecraft, the research on artificial neural network and digital twin technology based on, to our best knowledge, a novel fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor array is proposed for intelligent sensing monitoring of spacecraft on-orbit collisions. Femtosecond FBG arrays were fabricated on the novel oxide-doped fiber by point-by-point writing technique. The femtosecond FBG is analyzed using the time-dependent perturbation theory of quantum mechanics. The FBG array can achieve high-temperature measurement of 1100 \u00b0C and large strain measurement of 15000 \u00b5\u03b5. The sensing arrays were deployed on the surface of the spacecraft. Constructed the multi-layer perceptron neural network structure and convolutional neural network structure. 1200 samples were trained. Conducted model accuracy testing. The accuracy rate is above 98%, and accuracy verification has been implemented. The digital twin model was designed based on various data such as strain and temperature of the spacecraft structure under impact monitored by FBG sensors. A precise mapping has been formed between the physical entities of spacecraft and digital twins. Empower spacecraft with functions such as self-monitoring, judgment, and response. To ensure the stable and safe operation of spacecraft.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/oe.515568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T10:00:06Z","timestamp":1710410406000},"page":"13065","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Research on spacecraft in orbit perception based on artificial neural networks and digital twin technology using grating arrays"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Yunshan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing University of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huzhou Institute of Zhejiang University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Congying","family":"Mu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing University of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2526-1317","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dayong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing University of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actaastro.2018.06.010","volume":"151","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Astronaut."},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asr.2022.07.055","volume":"72","author":"Polli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Space Res."},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106750","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ast.2021.106750","volume":"114","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aerosp. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719441","DOI":"10.3389\/fphy.2021.719441","volume":"9","author":"McKenzie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Phys."},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.istruc.2023.105248","volume":"57","author":"Hielscher","year":"2023","journal-title":"Structures"},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"0193","DOI":"10.1007\/s11801-022-1090-1","volume":"18","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Optoelectron. Lett."},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engstruct.2021.112231","volume":"237","author":"Rocha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eng. Struct."},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104617","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2022.104617","volume":"144","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Autom. Constr."},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymssp.2018.11.012","volume":"121","author":"Ciambella","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mech. Syst. Signal Process"},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compstruct.2018.09.069","volume":"207","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Compos. Struct."},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultras.2021.106470","volume":"115","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ultrasonics"},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2014.06.004","volume":"66","author":"Fu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Compos. B. Eng."},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1119020","volume":"310","author":"Keller","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.3390\/aerospace7040035","volume":"7","author":"Abdullah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aerospace"},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3246","DOI":"10.3390\/app9163246","volume":"9","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2014.2303425","volume":"62","author":"Takacs","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn."},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ast.2023.108372","volume":"139","author":"Hofmann","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aerosp. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"065008","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-665X\/ab1458","volume":"28","author":"Goossens","year":"2019","journal-title":"Smart Mater. Struct."},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22944","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.26.022944","volume":"26","author":"Fan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2530","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.27.002530","volume":"27","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2019.2898879","volume":"37","author":"Ren","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Lightwave Technol."},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2239","DOI":"10.3390\/s19102239","volume":"19","author":"Iadicicco","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12367","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.486820","volume":"31","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24461","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.461027","volume":"30","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1109\/LPT.2022.3216909","volume":"34","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett."},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4429","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2022.3155253","volume":"40","author":"Cao","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Lightwave Technol."},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20583","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.27.020583","volume":"27","author":"Jiang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7647","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.449004","volume":"30","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"oe-32-8-13065-R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6402","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2020.3010722","volume":"38","author":"Zou","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Lightwave Technol."}],"container-title":["Optics Express"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/viewmedia.cfm?URI=oe-32-8-13065&seq=0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T19:33:07Z","timestamp":1722972787000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-32-8-13065"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/oe.515568","relation":{},"ISSN":["1094-4087"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1094-4087","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Optica Publishing Group","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OE.515568","name":"articlelink","label":"Crossref DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"research-article","name":"content_type","label":"Article type"},{"value":"Screened by Similarity Check","name":"cross_check","label":"Similarity check"},{"value":"Yes","order":0,"name":"peer_reviewed","label":"Peer reviewed","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review process","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"8 December 2023","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"12 March 2024","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"25 March 2024","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}