{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T16:33:16Z","timestamp":1785429196818,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR-OA"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752019200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Opt. Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Computer-generated holography (CGH) faces challenges related to high computational demands and speckle noise that degrade image quality. This paper presents \"wireframe holography\", a method that builds upon point-cloud techniques by using linear segments as building blocks, which are formed by introducing controlled astigmatism in phase profiles. This approach reduces both computational costs and speckle noise, enabling the creation of more complex 3D objects with comparable performance to traditional methods. Compatible with existing superposition algorithms, such as Random Superposition and Gerchberg-Saxton-based techniques, this method offers improvements for applications in augmented reality and any field requiring efficient, high-quality holographic imaging.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/oe.561735","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T04:00:23Z","timestamp":1745553623000},"page":"30162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Wireframe holography as a method for augmented reality projections"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5959-7153","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marco","family":"Astarita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01nffqt88","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Cerioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01nffqt88","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5017-0775","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andrea","family":"Bassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01nffqt88","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Ziliani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EssilorLuxottica Smart Eyewear Lab"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Cesaratto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EssilorLuxottica Smart Eyewear Lab"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tommaso","family":"Ongarello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EssilorLuxottica Smart Eyewear Lab"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9534-2702","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Giulio","family":"Cerullo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01nffqt88","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6340-3021","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gianluca","family":"Valentini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01nffqt88","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3420-8593","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Paolo","family":"Pozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01nffqt88","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01935","volume":"424","author":"Grier","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R2","author":"Poon","year":"2006"},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230026","DOI":"10.29026\/oes.2023.230026","volume":"2","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Opto-Electron. Sci."},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2300823","DOI":"10.1002\/adom.202300823","volume":"11","author":"Reda","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Opt. Mater."},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07386-0","volume":"629","author":"Gopakumar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-44032-1","volume":"15","author":"Jang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2015.2496304","volume":"12","author":"Pan","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ind. Inf."},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R9","author":"Kress","year":"2020"},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9418","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2021.3125495","volume":"30","author":"Blinder","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. on Image Process."},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1038\/s41377-018-0050-9","volume":"7","author":"Bianco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Light: Sci. Appl."},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18832","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-75947-0","volume":"10","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1038\/s41377-022-00916-3","volume":"11","author":"Pi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Light: Sci. Appl."},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.3390\/mps2010002","volume":"2","author":"Pozzi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Methods Protoc."},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.3.000726","volume":"3","author":"Frere","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Opt. Soc. Am. A"},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15907","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.389778","volume":"28","author":"Nishitsuji","year":"2020","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31226","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.405179","volume":"28","author":"Blinder","year":"2020","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1364\/PRJ.6.000837","volume":"6","author":"Tsang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Photonics Res."},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.15.001913","volume":"15","author":"Di Leonardo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R21","author":"Tsang","year":"2021"},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R22","author":"Born","year":"2013"},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R23","author":"Matsushima","year":"2020"},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1147\/rd.132.0150","volume":"13","author":"Lesem","year":"1969","journal-title":"IBM J. Res. Dev."},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27496","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.20.027496","volume":"20","author":"Nishitsuji","year":"2012","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"054108","DOI":"10.1117\/1.OE.53.5.054108","volume":"53","author":"Cho","year":"2014","journal-title":"Opt. Eng."},{"key":"oe-33-14-30162-R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Astarita M. , \u201c Data and scripts for the article \u2019wireframe holography as a new method for augmented reality projections' ,\u201d 1.0 , Zenodo ( 2025 ) 10.5281\/zenodo.15222273 .","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.561735"}],"container-title":["Optics Express"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/viewmedia.cfm?URI=oe-33-14-30162&seq=0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T17:46:37Z","timestamp":1752083197000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-33-14-30162"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/oe.561735","relation":{},"ISSN":["1094-4087"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1094-4087","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Optica Publishing Group","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OE.561735","name":"articlelink","label":"Crossref DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"research-article","name":"content_type","label":"Article type"},{"value":"Screened by Similarity Check","name":"cross_check","label":"Similarity check"},{"value":"Yes","order":0,"name":"peer_reviewed","label":"Peer reviewed","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review process","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"13 March 2025","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"14 April 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"9 July 2025","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}