{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T11:02:31Z","timestamp":1785409351435,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]],"date-time":"2025-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753401600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR-OA"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]],"date-time":"2025-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753401600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024A1515012105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024A1515012105"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Medical Research Fund","award":["B232018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B232018"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Startup Fund","award":["21230101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21230101"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Opt. Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) provides nanometer-scale spatial resolution for visualizing cellular structures. Multi-channel SMLM further extends its capabilities by incorporating single-molecule information from multiple channels, enabling more information-rich imaging modalities. However, both SMLM and its multi-channel variants rely on sparse activation, which limits imaging speed and labeling density. Here, we introduce climeLoc, a channel-linked multi-emitter fitter designed to correlate and localize emitters at high density across multiple channels. By integrating pre-calibrated channel transformations into a Bayesian-based multi-emitter fitting framework, climeLoc significantly enhances 3D localization accuracy for high-density multi-channel SMLM data. We show that climeLoc resolves the 3D hollow cylindrical structures of microtubules within 400 seconds, reducing imaging time by 70\u223c90% compared to conventional methods, and to resolve finer details of the densely packed chromatin structures in the nucleus. With a simple graphic user interface, climeLoc will empower a broad community to perform multi-channel SMLM on dense structures at optimal imaging speeds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/oe.568128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T16:59:23Z","timestamp":1752253163000},"page":"32798","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Channel-linked multi-emitter fitting enables fast and accurate multi-channel single-molecule localization microscopy"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Yanfei","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00sdcjz77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siyue","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00sdcjz77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Medical Academy of Research and Translation"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Xin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00sdcjz77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2499-871X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yandong","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00sdcjz77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School"},{"name":"Shenzhen Medical Academy of Research and Translation"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"oe-33-15-32798-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1642","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1127344","volume":"313","author":"Betzig","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"oe-33-15-32798-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth929","volume":"3","author":"Rust","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. 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