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Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Demodulating changes in the Bragg wavelength of wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) fiber Bragg grating (FBG) arrays presents a practical approach for multi-point temperature sensing in extreme conditions. Traditional methods struggle with overlapping FBG spectra, requiring a greater wavelength spacing between gratings to cover a wider temperature range. Employing a single cavity dual-comb laser rather than a conventional broad-spectrum source makes it feasible to demodulate overlapping FBG spectra for temperature sensing through a free-running bi-directional mode-locked fiber laser. The radio frequency (RF) spectra of the FBGs are obtained for each dual-comb interferogram, even amidst spectral overlap. The WDM array comprises ten gratings with only 0.8-1 nm spacing. Five gratings were maintained at 20\u2009\u00b0C, and the others were heated from 20\u2009\u00b0C to 300\u2009\u00b0C, resulting in substantial spectral overlap. The demodulation results demonstrated a linear temperature-dependent relationship for each heated FBG, with sensitivities ranging from 12.2 to 12.6 pm\/\u00b0C. Unlike traditional demodulation techniques, the dual-comb measurement technology effectively tackles the issue of wide wavelength spacing, enhances the potential for more wavelength division multiplexers, and shows great promise in high-temperature measurement applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/oe.570428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T02:00:06Z","timestamp":1757901606000},"page":"41535","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Demodulation of overlapping FBG spectra for temperature sensing using a free-running dual-comb fiber laser"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1399-6340","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jianjun","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/047bp1713","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeyang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/047bp1713","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingzhu","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/047bp1713","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongzheng","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/047bp1713","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gensen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/047bp1713","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9581-3527","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Haiyang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/047bp1713","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9062-6506","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Guowen","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/047bp1713","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4547-0992","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pinggang","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/047bp1713","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"oe-33-20-41535-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3211","DOI":"10.3390\/s19143211","volume":"19","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"oe-33-20-41535-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s40684-018-0017-6","volume":"5","author":"Joe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. 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