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Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Long-term, continuous in-situ observations of atmospheric and water optical properties are crucial for understanding the impacts of climate change, revealing pathways of atmospheric material transport, and studying air-sea interactions. For ocean color satellite sensors, sustained in-situ measurements are crucial in supporting their on-orbit calibration, the validation of high-level data products, and the development of data processing algorithms. This study presents what we believe to be a novel autonomous instrument called the hyperspectral sun photometer (HSP) designed for long-term, continuous, and synchronous measurement of atmospheric and water optical properties. The HSP delivers measurements across the 400\u20131020\u2005nm spectral range with a spectral resolution of 1\u2005nm. The performance of the HSP was evaluated through comparative observations with the CE-318\u2005T sun photometer. The results demonstrate that within the visible spectrum, the HSP and CE-318\u2005T achieve consistent results at common wavelengths: the discrepancy in aerosol optical depth (AOD) is within 7%, while the maximum difference in water-leaving radiance is only 4.74% at 667\u2005nm. The temporal stability of HSP observations for different targets verifies its operational robustness. In summary, the HSP can serve as a stable instrument for the synchronous in-situ measurement of atmospheric and water optical properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/oe.583507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T20:00:10Z","timestamp":1768852810000},"page":"4762","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Design and verification of a hyperspectral instrument for atmospheric and water optical properties observations"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Xinhao","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04rdtx186","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2976-4787","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shuguo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04rdtx186","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Deep-Sea Science and Technology Innovation Public Platform"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"oe-34-3-4762-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D17023","DOI":"10.1029\/2012JD018127","type":"journal-article","volume":"117","author":"Giles","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. 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