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This structural design enables the fundamental radial whispering gallery mode (WGM) excited in the sensor to achieve a high sensitivity of \u22121.09 pm\/ppm and a low detection limit of 16.5\u2005ppm, with a response time of approximately 130 seconds. Furthermore, the sensor demonstrates excellent low cross-sensitivity to variations in environmental temperature and humidity. The DW-SO-UTMBR is compact and straightforward to fabricate, offering an effective solution for high-performance CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    fiber sensing.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/oe.588121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T03:00:08Z","timestamp":1772766008000},"page":"10573","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A double-walled functionalized single-ended top-opened ultrathin microbubble resonator for highly sensitive CO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    sensing"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Qingxia","family":"Zhuo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03q648j11","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Hainan University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guanjun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03q648j11","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9564-8624","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mengyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanchang Hangkong University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linfei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hainan University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jialin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03q648j11","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenyang","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North University of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junzhi","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"oe-34-6-10573-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1338618","DOI":"10.3389\/frsen.2024.1338618","type":"journal-article","volume":"5","author":"Wigneron","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. 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