{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T15:03:30Z","timestamp":1785423810732,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR-OA"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783468800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin","award":["25JCZDJC00290"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25JCZDJC00290"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Program of Tianjin","award":["25YFXTHZ00580"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25YFXTHZ00580"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Program of Tianjin","award":["25YFGKHZ00090"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25YFGKHZ00090"]}]},{"name":"Joint Funds of the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin","award":["25JCLMJC00840"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25JCLMJC00840"]}]},{"name":"Open Project of Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and System","award":["2025LODTS102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025LODTS102"]}]},{"name":"Open Project of Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and System","award":["2025LODTS109"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025LODTS109"]}]},{"name":"Open Project of Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and System","award":["2025LODTS201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025LODTS201"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Opt. Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Flexible optical tactile sensors hold great promise for wearable electronics and robotic perception; however, existing devices typically face a trade-off among wide sensing range, simple readout, and dynamic slip recognition. Here, we propose a single-element flexible optical fiber sensor based on an asymmetric 3D S-tapered polymer optical fiber embedded in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Leveraging geometry-dependent curvature modulation, normal pressure is transduced into optical intensity variations, while slip direction is intrinsically encoded into distinguishable temporal waveforms. A deformation-optical loss model is established via finite element simulations and optical analyses to elucidate the underlying sensing mechanism. The sensor delivers a pressure sensitivity of 1.55\u2005MPa\n                    <jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>\n                    across a broad linear range of 0-299 kPa, exhibiting an ultrafast response time (&lt;1\u2005ms) and robust cyclic stability over 3,000 loading\/unloading cycles. Furthermore, the device demonstrates reliable tensile strain sensing and unambiguous slip-direction discrimination. Its practical utility is validated through applications in radial pulse monitoring, finger-joint motion tracking, and tactile slip perception. This work presents a streamlined paradigm for integrating wide-range pressure sensing and directional slip recognition within a single flexible optical fiber, paving the way for advanced, low-complexity tactile interfaces.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/oe.604938","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T13:00:08Z","timestamp":1782306008000},"page":"26450","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["S-tapered flexible optical fiber sensor for wide-range pressure sensing and directional slip recognition"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1586-2984","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tian","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00xsr9m91","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and System"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00xsr9m91","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and System"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanhua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00xsr9m91","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and System"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00xsr9m91","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and System"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and System"},{"name":"Tiangong University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2870-6171","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hongqiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00xsr9m91","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and System"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9448-8005","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jinlu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00xsr9m91","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and System"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaili","family":"Zhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00xsr9m91","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and System"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"oe-34-14-26450-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2019.10.021","type":"journal-article","volume":"65","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. 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