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Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>To address the pressing demand for ultrafast and high-precision microwave frequency measurement, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an integrated photonic scheme based on thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) and frequency-to-time mapping (FTTM). The system incorporates an on-chip Mach\u2013Zehnder modulator (MZM) alongside an electro-optically tunable micro-ring resonator (MRR), wherein nanosecond-scale voltage-driven scanning of the MRR facilitates a linear frequency-to-time mapping. To circumvent the resolution bottleneck inherent to the MRR linewidth, we develop an adaptive multi-tone frequency extraction algorithm rooted in Lorentzian lineshape superposition. This algorithm enables precise deconvolution and autonomous identification of overlapping multi-tone components. Experimental results validate the approach, demonstrating accurate frequency identification across the 2\u201312\u2005GHz range. At a single-shot acquisition time of 500\u2005ns, measurement errors are bounded by \u00b150\u2005MHz for single-tone signals and \u00b1100\u2005MHz for multi-tone signals. Extending the measurement duration to 1 \u00b5s further reduces these errors to \u00b140\u2005MHz and \u00b170\u2005MHz, respectively. This work offers a promising route toward ultrafast, low-power, real-time microwave photonic monitoring and provides a scalable foundation for the full integration of high-speed frequency measurement systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/oe.612058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T04:00:08Z","timestamp":1789099208000},"page":"36959","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ultrafast multi-tone microwave frequency measurement with an electrically tuned thin-film lithium niobate micro-ring filter"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Luping","family":"Du","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01p884a79","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5544-7307","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xinlun","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1777-2723","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"X. 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