{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T12:42:35Z","timestamp":1763037755870,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]],"date-time":"2022-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]],"date-time":"2022-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658102400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP200101353"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP200101353"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Opt. Lett."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), like MoS<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, MoSe<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, WS<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, and WSe<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, feature direct bandgaps, strong spin\u2013orbit coupling, and exciton\u2013polariton interactions at the atomic scale, which could be harnessed for efficient light emission, valleytronics, and polaritonic lasing, respectively. Nevertheless, to build next-generation photonic devices that make use of these features, it is first essential to model the all-optical control mechanisms in TMDCs. Herein, a simple model is proposed to quantify the performance of a 35-<jats:inline-formula>\n      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\">\n\t<mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n\t  <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n\t    <mml:mi>\u03bc<\/mml:mi>\n\t  <\/mml:mrow>\n\t<\/mml:mrow>\n      <\/mml:math>\n    <\/jats:inline-formula>m-long Si<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>N<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> waveguide-integrated all-optical MoSe<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> modulator. Using this model, a switching energy of 14.6\u2005pJ is obtained for a transverse-magnetic (TM) and transverse-electric (TE) polarized pump signals at <jats:italic>\u03bb<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009480 nm. Moreover, maximal extinction ratios of 20.6\u2005dB and 20.1\u2005dB are achieved for a TM and TE polarized probe signal, respectively, at <jats:italic>\u03bb<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009500 nm with an ultra-low insertion loss of &lt;0.3\u2005dB. Moreover, the device operates with an ultrafast recovery time of 50\u2005ps, while maintaining a high extinction ratio for practical applications. These findings facilitate modeling and designing novel TMDC-based photonic devices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/ol.465171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T13:30:11Z","timestamp":1656682211000},"page":"3640","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["On-chip low-loss all-optical MoSe<sub>2<\/sub> modulator"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6799-6859","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Alaloul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0725-8736","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jacob B.","family":"Khurgin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Al-Ani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9857-7507","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Khalil","family":"As\u2019ham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lujun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"East China Normal University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haroldo T.","family":"Hattori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9607-6621","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andrey E.","family":"Miroshnichenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ol-47-15-3640-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2016.15","volume":"10","author":"Sun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. 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