{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T17:25:56Z","timestamp":1785432356807,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749686400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749686400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EY031469"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EY031469"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EB035762"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EB035762"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EB032840"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EB032840"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OD038130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OD038130"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001818","name":"Research to Prevent Blindness","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"NYU-KAIST Collaboration Award"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Opt. Lett."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>High-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) requires broadband, spatially coherent light sources. Today, the source of choice for visible light OCT, the supercontinuum (SC), is bulky, expensive, and prone to excess noise. Here we demonstrate high-resolution visible light OCT of the human retina with a combined superluminescent diode (SLD) source. The source is longer in wavelength than the high blue light hazard range but shorter in wavelength than the high photopic efficiency range, ensuring subject safety and comfort. We report an axial resolution of 3.2\u2005\u00b5m in the retina. We find that Bruch\u2019s membrane is well-delineated in subjects without ocular pathology, even though the axial resolution is \u223c3\u00d7 coarser than SC visible light OCT.\u00a0Imaging of intermediate age-related macular degeneration is also shown. Within the cyan\u2013green wavelength range of the SLD, optical density spectra resemble those of macular pigments. While the combined SLD approach does not achieve the micrometer-scale resolution of the SC, it potentially reduces the cost and complexity of visible light OCT while providing novel disease-relevant biomarkers, to the best of our knowledge, in human retina.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/ol.560148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]],"date-time":"2025-05-12T10:00:48Z","timestamp":1747044048000},"page":"4070","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["High-resolution visible light OCT of the human retina with combined superluminescent diodes"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1033-486X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alok K.","family":"Gupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/005dvqh91","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0643-1688","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ruoyu","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/005dvqh91","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"NYU Tandon School of Engineering"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Duelk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EXALOS AG"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Wald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/005dvqh91","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9683-1949","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vivek J.","family":"Srinivasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/005dvqh91","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1995.01100030081025","volume":"113","author":"Hee","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.27.001800","volume":"27","author":"Povazay","year":"2002","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1038\/s44172-024-00167-7","volume":"3","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Commun. Eng."},{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.410011","volume":"12","author":"Rubinoff","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11658","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1918546117","volume":"117","author":"Pi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.542497","volume":"50","author":"Meng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4737","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.495247","volume":"48","author":"Gupta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13992","DOI":"10.1038\/srep13992","volume":"5","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5945","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.405398","volume":"45","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2115","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.9.002115","volume":"9","author":"Harper","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42037","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.439919","volume":"29","author":"Kho","year":"2021","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.544499","volume":"50","author":"Fan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5893","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-06215-x","volume":"7","author":"Deng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2112","DOI":"10.1364\/OPEX.12.002112","volume":"12","author":"Ko","year":"2004","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6780","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.435124","volume":"12","author":"Lichtenegger","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5004","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.465707","volume":"13","author":"Khan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R17","first-page":"20","volume-title":"Proc. SPIE","author":"Duelk","year":"2024"},{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1002\/opph.201800029","volume":"13","author":"Hessling","year":"2018","journal-title":"Opt. Photonik"},{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2009.10.014","volume":"50","author":"Bernstein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.8.000323","volume":"8","author":"Chong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2870","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12082870","volume":"12","author":"Hammadi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.10.3.30","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl. Vision Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.66.3.61","volume":"66","author":"Goerdt","year":"2025","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vision Sci."},{"key":"ol-50-12-4070-R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12051333","volume":"12","author":"Widomska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"}],"container-title":["Optics Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/viewmedia.cfm?URI=ol-50-12-4070&seq=0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T14:29:20Z","timestamp":1749738560000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/abstract.cfm?URI=ol-50-12-4070"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/ol.560148","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1364\/opticaopen.28592990","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1364\/opticaopen.28592990.v1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1364\/opticaopen.28592990.v2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1364\/opticaopen.28592990","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0146-9592","1539-4794"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-9592","type":"print"},{"value":"1539-4794","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Optica Publishing Group","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OL.560148","name":"articlelink","label":"Crossref DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"letter","name":"content_type","label":"Article type"},{"value":"Screened by Similarity Check","name":"cross_check","label":"Similarity check"},{"value":"Yes","order":0,"name":"peer_reviewed","label":"Peer reviewed","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review process","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"14 March 2025","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"12 May 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"12 June 2025","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}